楊雪圓 閆小寧 蔡宛靈
[摘要]斑禿是皮膚科較為常見的損容性、精神相關性疾病,以突然發生的斑片狀脫發為特征,病因至今不明,病程纏綿難愈,臨床尚缺乏良好的治療方案。梅花針是我國古代“半刺”、“浮刺”、“毛刺”等針法的發展,臨床應用極為廣泛,對于很多疾病具有其獨特療效。其作用機理是運用梅花針叩刺人體一定部位或穴位,激發經絡功能,調整臟腑氣血,以達到防治疾病的目的。現將梅花針在斑禿治療中的應用進展歸納總結如下。
[關鍵詞]梅花針;斑禿;叩刺;穴位;聯合治療
[中圖分類號]R758.71? ? [文獻標志碼]A? ? [文章編號]1008-6455(2019)10-0162-03
Abstract: Alopecia areata is a common derogative psychosis in dermatology.It is characterized by sudden patchy alopecia, unknown etiology, lingering course, and lack of good clinical treatment. Plum-blossom needle is the development of ancient Chinese needling methods such as semi-pricked floating needling and burr needling.The clinical application is very extensive and has the unique curative effect to many diseases. Its mechanism of action is to use plum-blossom needle to knock on certain parts or acupoints of human body, stimulate the function of meridians and collaterals, and adjust zang-fu qi and blood, so as to achieve the purpose of disease prevention and treatment. The application of plum-blossom needle in alopecia areata is summarized as follows.
Key words:plum-blossom needle;alopecia areata;tap of cutaneous needle;acupoints;combination therapy
斑禿是一種驟發性無自覺癥狀的片狀脫發,可自行緩解并恢復,亦可受情緒、自身免疫及內分泌失調等諸多因素影響,最后發展為全禿甚至普禿。斑禿的臨床表現為局限性斑塊狀脫發,患處皮膚光滑,無炎癥、鱗屑和瘢痕,進展期毛發邊緣活動性區域輕拉試驗陽性[1]。斑禿病程長,好發于頭部,影響視覺和美觀感,給患者帶來了極大的心理負擔和痛苦。斑禿目前的主要治療手段有免疫調節劑與免疫抑制劑、局部刺激療法、物理治療及糖皮質激素等[2],但療效欠佳,副作用大,易復發。因此,不少患者逐漸喪失治療信心,轉投中醫治療。中醫特色梅花針療法因其價廉效高,具有操作簡單、安全有效等優點,也逐漸運用于斑禿治療中,梅花針最早記載于《黃帝內經》,《靈樞·官針》曰:“揚刺”、“半刺”、“浮刺”、“毛刺”,《靈樞·九針》載:“九針之名,各不同形……”并在臨床實踐中發展了“九針”理論。