微課對醫學檢驗本科臨床輸血學教學的啟示

徐婷 喻荷蓮 蔣天倫 劉文斌

[摘要] 目前，醫學檢驗專業本科生主要就業于各級各類醫院檢驗科、輸血科、血站等單位。對于輸血科和血站這類專業性、針對性極強的部門，臨床輸血學知識顯得尤為重要，學生對其的掌握程度與能否勝任當前崗位直接相關。隨著國家教育部對醫學檢驗本科專業學制、學位及歸屬類別的調整，臨床輸血學必須依靠學生課后自學來加強和鞏固淡化的課堂教學。然而，我國醫學檢驗專業學生自主學習能力不足，使其對該課程的學習現狀不容樂觀。本文通過闡述臨床輸血學的教學現狀，分析了微課對臨床輸血學教學的可行性，同時探討了具體實施過程中潛在的挑戰及對策，從而進行了基于微課教學的醫學檢驗本科生自主學習能力培養策略研究，為醫學院校提升學生自主學習能力提供參考。

[關鍵詞] 微課;醫學檢驗;臨床輸血;教學改革

[中圖分類號] R457? ? ? ? ? [文獻標識碼] A? ? ? ? ? [文章編號] 1673-7210（2019）07（a）-0074-03

Enlightenment of microlecture to clinical transfusion teaching in medical laboratory

XU Ting1? ?YU Helian1? ?JIANG Tianlun1? ?LIU Wenbin2

1.Department of Transfusion， the Affiliated First Hospital， Army Medical University （Third Military Medical University）， Chongqing? ?400038， China; 2.Institute of Toxicology， College of Preventive Medicine， Army Medical University （Third Military Medical University）， Chongqing? ?400038， China

[Abstract] At present， undergraduates majoring in medical laboratory are mainly employed in laboratory departments， blood transfusion departments and blood stations of hospitals at all levels. For the professional and highly targeted departments such as blood transfusion department and blood station， clinical knowledge of blood transfusion is particularly important， and students′ mastery of it is directly related to their ability to compete for the current position. With the adjustment of the educational system， degree and category of medical laboratory undergraduate by the Ministry of Education， clinical transfusion must rely on students′ self-study after class to strengthen and consolidate the weakened classroom teaching. However， the lack of independent learning ability of Chinese medical laboratory medicine students makes them not optimistic about the learning status of this course. Based on the current situation of teaching of clinical blood transfusion， the feasibility of small class teaching for clinical blood transfusion is analyzed， and the specific implementation process of the potential challenges and countermeasures are discussed， which are based on micro medical test undergraduate students autonomous learning ability in teaching the strategy research， provide a reference for medical colleges of promote students′ autonomous learning ability.

[Key words] Microclecture; Medical examination; Clinical blood transfusion; Teaching reform

2012年9月，國家教育部正式頒布實施《普通高等學校本科專業目錄和專業介紹（2012年）》，其中將原有的醫學檢驗專業（100304）更改為醫學檢驗技術（101001），學制由五年減少為四年，授予理學學士學位，并把培養目標確定為“培養具有扎實的醫學檢驗專業知識及相關自然科學知識，具有醫學檢驗實踐技能和人際交流能力，具有良好的職業道德和人文素養，具有創新、創業精神，能從事醫學檢驗和實驗室診斷工作的高等技術應用型醫學檢驗專門人才”[1-2]。……