“知—行”合一視角下的鄉村振興規劃反思與探索

摘要：我國鄉村社會的發展，體現了上千年農耕文明文化之根與最宏大快速城鎮化進程之間的沖突與博弈。隨著鄉村振興成為我國最重要的國家戰略之一，我國鄉村空間正在經歷一場顛覆性的變革。鄉村振興的未來必然是時代發展特征、人們認知變化與社會發展期望相融合的結果。在當前城鄉融合的大背景下，深度認知鄉村的復雜性與變化性，并與實踐及行動相結合，探索“知—行”合一的鄉村振興發展方向與規劃路徑，是本文研究的核心目的。筆者結合十余年鄉村研究和規劃工作實踐，從“知”的方面，深化認識我國鄉村地區的獨特鄉土基因和隨時代而變化的發展趨勢；從“行”的方面，反思以往鄉村規劃與建設中的問題與原因；最后從四個方面探討性提出了未來“知—行”合一的鄉村振興規劃方向，力圖能為當前鄉村振興發展提供若干思路。

關鍵詞：鄉村振興；鄉土基因；城鄉融合；“知—行”合一

doi：10.3969/j.issn.1009-1483.2019.11.012 中圖分類號：TU982.29

文章編號：1009-1483（2019）11-0074-08 文獻標識碼：A

Research on the Rural Revitalization Planning in the Perspective of the Integration of Knowledge and Practice

YAN Lin

[Abstract] The process of Chinas rural development is the reflection of the conflicts and balances between the thousands of years of agricultural civilization and the most magnificent urbanization process in China. Since the Rural Revitalization was confirmed as a National Development Strategy， Chinas rural areas are undergoing a subversive change. The future of rural development will be a combination of the times characteristics， the peoples cognitive change， and the social development expectation. Under the contemporary background of urban-rural integration development， the main purpose of this paper is to deeply understand the complexity and variability of the rural development， and to explore the direction and path for rural revitalization by applying knowledge to planning practice. Based on years of research and rural planning practice， the author tries to formulize the distinctive gene of Chinese rural areas and its characteristic change tendency from the "Knowledge" perspective， and to recognize the mistakes or deviations in the rural planning and construction from the "Practice" perspective. At last， from the Knowledge-Practice integration perspective， the paper tries to propose some suggestions for the rural planning methodology in the future.

[Keywords] rural revitalization； rural gene； urban-rural integration； knowledge-practice integration

引言

十九大提出的“實施鄉村振興戰略”，是對我國長期以來鄉村發展政策的一次高度總結與提升。“產業興旺、生態宜居、鄉風文明、治理有效、生活富裕”二十字方針的提出，標志著國家對于三農問題的關注開始轉向“綜合解決農村的衰落與凋敝、全面實現鄉村現代化發展”的綜合新目標。可以預見，我國鄉村空間即將經歷一場顛覆性的變革，迎接重要的發展機遇，同時也面臨著新的挑戰。

越來越多的人開始投身鄉村發展與建設，探索鄉村振興的有效路徑；……