基于湖城協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展的城鎮(zhèn)開發(fā)邊界劃定研究

庹川 高恒 李青靚 張璐

摘要：當(dāng)前國土空間開發(fā)進入底線約束、綠色發(fā)展的新階段，城鎮(zhèn)空間從弱約束下的快速增長模式轉(zhuǎn)型為強約束下的內(nèi)涵式增長模式。城鎮(zhèn)開發(fā)邊界作為城鎮(zhèn)空間增長的核心管控抓手，其功能不應(yīng)僅停留在規(guī)模及底線管控上，更應(yīng)具有主動塑造美麗國土空間的作用。文章以滇池與流域國土空間全面協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展為目標(biāo)，從湖城生態(tài)、湖城空間等多個角度出發(fā)，探索了以自然和諧、國土安全為前提，環(huán)境影響、舒適藝術(shù)、低碳高效為控制導(dǎo)向的城鎮(zhèn)開發(fā)邊界劃定新方法。結(jié)論顯示，在綜合多因素下劃定的城鎮(zhèn)開發(fā)邊界具有降低環(huán)境影響、塑造景觀格局、提升城市開發(fā)效率等作用，為新階段的城鎮(zhèn)開發(fā)邊界劃定提供了實踐參考價值。

關(guān)鍵詞：國土空間；湖城協(xié)調(diào)；城鎮(zhèn)開發(fā)邊界劃定；滇池流域

doi：10.3969/j.issn.1009-1483.2019.11.009 中圖分類號：TU984

文章編號：1009-1483（2019）11-0053-08 文獻標(biāo)識碼：A

Research on Delimitation of Urban Development Boundary Based on the Coordinated Development of Lake and City： Taking the Dianchi Lake Basin as an Example

TUO Chuan， GAO Heng， LI Qingliang， ZHANG Lu

[Abstract] At present， the development of land space has entered a new stage of bottom line constraint and green development， and urban space has transformed from a rapid growth mode with weak constraints to a connotative growth mode with strong constraints. As the core management and control of urban space growth， the urban development boundary should not only be limited to the scale and the bottom line control， but also play an active role in shaping the beautiful land space. Taking the comprehensive and coordinated development of Dianchi Lake Basin and the land space of the basin as the goal， this paper explores a new method of demarcating the urban development boundary under the preconditions of natural harmony， land space security， and the orientations of environmental impact， landscape art， low carbon and high efficiency from the perspectives of ecology and space. The conclusion shows that the urban development boundary demarcated under the comprehensive multi-factors has the functions of reducing environmental impact， shaping landscape pattern， improving urban development efficiency and so on， which provides practical reference value for the urban development boundary demarcation in the new stage.

[Keywords] territorial spatial； coordination of lake and city； urban development boundary； Dianchi Lake Basin

引言

城市與湖泊自古就有密切的聯(lián)系，如洱海之于大理，密歇根湖之于芝加哥，湖泊不單為城市帶來了美好的風(fēng)光，更改變了城市的性格。近幾十年來，依湖建城、人工造湖興城一時間成為城市開發(fā)者所熱衷的城市開發(fā)策略。但城市的快速開發(fā)導(dǎo)致城鎮(zhèn)空間對于湖泊的影響日益顯著，湖泊水體污染、濕地生態(tài)功能退化等問題嚴(yán)重制約了湖區(qū)的可持續(xù)發(fā)展[1]。在快速發(fā)展的語境下，湖泊往往被作為城市的陪襯，湖城關(guān)系走向了以城市為中心、湖泊為配角的湖弱城強的對立關(guān)系。因此，有必要探索新階段湖城協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展的新模式，將湖泊與城市進行統(tǒng)籌考慮，利用城鎮(zhèn)開發(fā)邊界來平衡城鎮(zhèn)建設(shè)與湖泊環(huán)境保護，同時塑造優(yōu)美的湖城空間格局?！?br>