基于湖城協調發展的城鎮開發邊界劃定研究

庹川 高恒 李青靚 張璐

摘要：當前國土空間開發進入底線約束、綠色發展的新階段，城鎮空間從弱約束下的快速增長模式轉型為強約束下的內涵式增長模式。城鎮開發邊界作為城鎮空間增長的核心管控抓手，其功能不應僅停留在規模及底線管控上，更應具有主動塑造美麗國土空間的作用。文章以滇池與流域國土空間全面協調發展為目標，從湖城生態、湖城空間等多個角度出發，探索了以自然和諧、國土安全為前提，環境影響、舒適藝術、低碳高效為控制導向的城鎮開發邊界劃定新方法。結論顯示，在綜合多因素下劃定的城鎮開發邊界具有降低環境影響、塑造景觀格局、提升城市開發效率等作用，為新階段的城鎮開發邊界劃定提供了實踐參考價值。

關鍵詞：國土空間；湖城協調；城鎮開發邊界劃定；滇池流域

doi：10.3969/j.issn.1009-1483.2019.11.009 中圖分類號：TU984

文章編號：1009-1483（2019）11-0053-08 文獻標識碼：A

Research on Delimitation of Urban Development Boundary Based on the Coordinated Development of Lake and City： Taking the Dianchi Lake Basin as an Example

TUO Chuan， GAO Heng， LI Qingliang， ZHANG Lu

[Abstract] At present， the development of land space has entered a new stage of bottom line constraint and green development， and urban space has transformed from a rapid growth mode with weak constraints to a connotative growth mode with strong constraints. As the core management and control of urban space growth， the urban development boundary should not only be limited to the scale and the bottom line control， but also play an active role in shaping the beautiful land space. Taking the comprehensive and coordinated development of Dianchi Lake Basin and the land space of the basin as the goal， this paper explores a new method of demarcating the urban development boundary under the preconditions of natural harmony， land space security， and the orientations of environmental impact， landscape art， low carbon and high efficiency from the perspectives of ecology and space. The conclusion shows that the urban development boundary demarcated under the comprehensive multi-factors has the functions of reducing environmental impact， shaping landscape pattern， improving urban development efficiency and so on， which provides practical reference value for the urban development boundary demarcation in the new stage.

[Keywords] territorial spatial； coordination of lake and city； urban development boundary； Dianchi Lake Basin

引言

城市與湖泊自古就有密切的聯系，如洱海之于大理，密歇根湖之于芝加哥，湖泊不單為城市帶來了美好的風光，更改變了城市的性格。近幾十年來，依湖建城、人工造湖興城一時間成為城市開發者所熱衷的城市開發策略。但城市的快速開發導致城鎮空間對于湖泊的影響日益顯著，湖泊水體污染、濕地生態功能退化等問題嚴重制約了湖區的可持續發展[1]。在快速發展的語境下，湖泊往往被作為城市的陪襯，湖城關系走向了以城市為中心、湖泊為配角的湖弱城強的對立關系。因此，有必要探索新階段湖城協調發展的新模式，將湖泊與城市進行統籌考慮，利用城鎮開發邊界來平衡城鎮建設與湖泊環境保護，同時塑造優美的湖城空間格局。……