探討腹腔鏡膽囊切除術患者實施特殊護理干預對切口感染、護理滿意度的影響

王林香

【摘要】 目的：探討在急性膽囊炎行腹腔鏡膽囊切除術中應用特殊護理干預的效果。方法：將筆者所在醫院2018年1-12月收治的82例急性膽囊炎患者為研究對象，所有患者均行腹腔鏡膽囊切除術治療，期間予以對照組常規護理，予以觀察組特殊護理干預，觀察兩組干預效果。結果：觀察組術中出血量、腹痛消失時間、下床時間及住院時間均優于對照組，差異有統計學意義（P<0.05）;觀察組護理總滿意度為92.68%，顯著高于對照組73.17%，差異有統計學意義（P<0.05）;觀察組術后并發癥發生率為4.88%，低于對照組19.51%，差異有統計學意義（P<0.05）。結論：對于急性膽囊炎患者，在行腹腔鏡膽囊切除術的圍術期間，實施特殊護理干預，可取得顯著療效，提高患者滿意度及降低術后患者并發癥發生率，值得推廣。

【關鍵詞】 特殊護理干預; 急性膽囊炎; 腹腔鏡膽囊切除術; 并發癥; 護理滿意度

doi：10.14033/j.cnki.cfmr.2019.15.040 文獻標識碼 B 文章編號 1674-6805（2019）15-00-03

【Abstract】 Objective：To investigate the effect of special nursing intervention in laparoscopic cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitis.Method：Eighty-two patients with acute cholecystitis admitted to our hospital from January to December 2018 were enrolled in the study.All patients underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy.During the period，routine nursing was given to the control group，special nursing intervention was given to the observation group，and the effect of intervention was observed in the two groups.Result：The amount of bleeding，disappearance time of abdominal pain，bed time and hospital stay in the observation group were better than those of the control group，the difference were statistically significant（P<0.05）.The total satisfaction rate of the observation group was 92.68%，which was significantly higher than that of the control group（73.17%），the difference was statistically significant（P<0.05）.The incidence of postoperative complications in the observation group was 4.88%，which was lower than 19.51% in the control group，the difference was statistically significant（P<0.05）.Conclusion：For patients with acute cholecystitis，special nursing intervention during the perioperative period of laparoscopic cholecystectomy can achieve significant curative effect，improve patient satisfaction rate and reduce the incidence of postoperative complications.It is worthy of promotion.

【Key words】 Special nursing intervention; Acute cholecystitis; Laparoscopic cholecystectomy; Complications; Nursing satisfaction

急性膽囊炎為常見的急腹癥，疾病病因主要包括膽囊管阻塞、細菌感染等，患者的臨床表現主要為腹部疼痛、惡心嘔吐、發熱等，且腹部疼痛常表現為持續性、陣發性，這給患者帶來巨大的不適[1]。針對急性膽囊炎的治療，近年來隨著醫療水平的提升及腹腔鏡技術的推廣，常實施腹腔鏡膽囊切除術治療急性膽囊炎，然而手術畢竟是一項創傷操作，雖說腹腔鏡具有微創性，但同樣會對患者產生一定的影響，所以在圍術期間還需要做好患者的護理干預工作，以保證手術治療效果[2]。本次研究具體探討了將特殊護理干預應用于急性膽囊炎行腹腔鏡膽囊切除術中的效果，現報告如下。

1 資料與方法

1.1 一般資料

選取2018年1-12月筆者所在醫院收治的82例急性膽囊炎患者為研究對象，所有患者均經病理學、影像學及體征觀察確診，患者均無手術禁忌。按照隨機數字表法將其分成兩組，觀察組41例，其中男24例，女17例;年齡36～65歲，平均（48.5±2.6）歲;疾病發病到就診的時間為4～41 h，平均（24.5±3.1）h。對照組41例，男26例，女15例;年齡34～66歲，平均（49.1±2.4）歲;疾病發病到就診時間為5～40 h，平均（24.1±3.3）h。兩組患者一般資料比較，差異無統計學意義（P>0.05），有可比性。所有患者均簽署知情同意書。