腰胸椎結(jié)核圍手術(shù)期體位護(hù)理的方法及效果研究

董麗菲

[摘要] 目的 研究腰胸椎結(jié)核圍手術(shù)期體位護(hù)理的方法和效果。 方法 通過(guò)“雙盲法”將方便選取2016年1月—2018年1月在該院接受手術(shù)的110例腰胸椎結(jié)核患者分成55例/組。對(duì)照組--圍術(shù)期常規(guī)護(hù)理，觀察組--圍手術(shù)期常規(guī)護(hù)理+體位護(hù)理。對(duì)比疼痛情況和神經(jīng)功能。 結(jié)果 觀察組疼痛緩解率（98.18%）更高，對(duì)照組為78.18%（χ2=10.555，P=0.001），兩組患者護(hù)理前的神經(jīng)功能評(píng)分差異無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義（t=0.120，P=0.904），護(hù)理后1個(gè)月，兩組患者神經(jīng)功能評(píng)分都有降低，但是觀察組的降低幅度更大，觀察組NSS評(píng)分為（51.63±1.16）分，對(duì)照組為（58.23±2.01）分（t=21.091，P=0.001）。 結(jié)論 在腰胸椎結(jié)核患者的圍手術(shù)期加強(qiáng)體位護(hù)理，可以減輕疼痛，恢復(fù)神經(jīng)功能。

[關(guān)鍵詞] 腰胸椎結(jié)核；圍手術(shù)期；體位護(hù)理；疼痛；神經(jīng)功能；效果

[中圖分類號(hào)] R473.6 [文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼] A [文章編號(hào)] 1674-0742（2019）01（c）-0142-03

Study on the Methods and Effects of Postoperative Nursing of Lumbar and Thoracic Tuberculosis

DONG Li-fei

Department of Bone， Section Two， Heilongjiang Provincial Institute of Infectious Diseases， Harbin， Heilongjiang Province， 150000 China

[Abstract] Objective To study the methods and effects of postoperative care of lumbar and thoracic tuberculosis. Methods A total of 110 patients with lumbar and thoracic tuberculosis who underwent surgery in our hospital from January 2016 to January 2018 were conveniently selected and divided into 55 patients/group. Control group - perioperative routine care， observation group - perioperative routine care + position care. Compare pain conditions and neurological function. Results The pain relief rate （98.18%） was higher in the observation group， 78.18% in the control group（χ2=10.555， P=0.001）. There was no significant difference in the neurological function score between the two groups before treatment（t=0.120， P=0.904）， one month after the nursing， the neurological function scores of the two groups were decreased， but the reduction of the observation group was larger. The NSS score of the observation group was （51.63±1.16）points， and the control group was （58.23±2.01）points （t=21.091， P=0.001）. Conclusion Perioperative intensive care in patients with lumbar and thoracic tuberculosis can reduce pain and restore nerve function.

[Key words] Lumbar and thoracic tuberculosis； Perioperative period； Positional care； Pain； Nerve function； Effect

腰胸椎結(jié)核屬于發(fā)病率較高的一類脊柱結(jié)核病，因腰胸椎受到結(jié)核桿菌侵襲所致，一般都采取手術(shù)治療，將結(jié)核病灶完全清除[1]，避免脊髓發(fā)生壓迫性損害，手術(shù)雖然有創(chuàng)傷，但是療程短，恢復(fù)快。腰胸椎結(jié)核受患病位置特殊性的影響，需要保持良好體位[2]，否則胸腰椎壓迫持續(xù)加重，無(wú)法恢復(fù)，故此在整個(gè)圍手術(shù)期予以體位護(hù)理十分關(guān)鍵。該文為了研究腰胸椎結(jié)核圍手術(shù)期體位護(hù)理的方法和效果，方便選取患者共計(jì)110例2016年1月—2018年1月，報(bào)道如下。

1 資料與方法

1.1 一般資料

從該院醫(yī)治的腰胸椎結(jié)核患者當(dāng)中方便選取110例，都接受手術(shù)治療，采用“雙盲法”將其分為55例/組。該研究所選病例已通過(guò)倫理委員會(huì)批準(zhǔn)，患者及患者家屬知情并同意參與該次研究。

觀察組--男∶女=31∶24；年齡大小：32-65（44.15±5.20）歲；病程長(zhǎng)短：6個(gè)月～3年（1.12±0.35）年。

對(duì)照組--男∶女=30∶25；年齡大小：31～66（44.22±5.18）歲；病程長(zhǎng)短：7個(gè)月～3年（1.34±0.28）年。