地方普通本科高校開(kāi)展校企協(xié)同育人存在的問(wèn)題、原因與對(duì)策

金鋼

[摘 要]地方性普通本科高校一般定位于應(yīng)用型大學(xué)，培養(yǎng)應(yīng)用型人才。校企合作育人是近年來(lái)許多高校正在努力探索的方向，但問(wèn)題依然較多，主要表現(xiàn)在合作育人流于形式、模式單一、授課內(nèi)容與就業(yè)和創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)結(jié)合度低、高校教師和企業(yè)授課人員互動(dòng)學(xué)習(xí)少等，這些都影響到了校企協(xié)同育人的效果。其原因是多方面的，包括高校、企業(yè)、政府對(duì)協(xié)同育人的重要性認(rèn)識(shí)不足，協(xié)同育人中校、企在利益和責(zé)任方面不平衡等。為此，建議高校、企業(yè)、政府三方主體要提高思想認(rèn)識(shí)，共同推動(dòng)協(xié)同育人走向深入;要妥善平衡校企協(xié)同育人中的利益與責(zé)任，讓企業(yè)有動(dòng)力持久性地參與到協(xié)同育人項(xiàng)目中來(lái);高校要主動(dòng)對(duì)接企業(yè)，與企業(yè)共同完善人才培養(yǎng)方案、拓展協(xié)同教育的模式;多站在企業(yè)角度考慮問(wèn)題，妥善地解決企業(yè)人員授課不方便等問(wèn)題。

[關(guān)鍵詞]協(xié)同育人;實(shí)踐教學(xué);創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)

[中圖分類號(hào)]G4

[文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼]A

[文章編號(hào)]2095-3283（2019）11-0142-03

Abstract： Local undergraduate colleges are generally positioned in applied colleges to cultivate applied talents. In recent years， collaborative education between schools and enterprises has been the direction that many colleges are trying to explore， but there are still many problems， such as collaborative education is no more than a formality， the teaching model is single， the degree of integration of teaching content with employment is low， etc. The reasons are complicated， mainly including the lack of awareness of the importance of cooperative education， the imbalance of the interests and responsibilities between colleges and enterprises. So， the main suggests are raising the awareness of importance about cooperative education， to balance the interests and responsibilities between colleges and enterprises in the cooperative education， and the colleges should take the initiative to negotiate with enterprises and work with enterprises to improve the talent training program， and expand the mode of collaborative education. But the most important thing is that colleges should think about things from the enterprises and help to solve properly the problem of inconvenient in teaching by enterprise personnel.

Keywords： Collaborative Education; Practical Teaching; Innovation and Entrepreneurship

教育部、國(guó)家發(fā)展改革委、財(cái)政部頒發(fā)的《引導(dǎo)部分地方普通本科高校向應(yīng)用型轉(zhuǎn)變的指導(dǎo)意見(jiàn)》（教發(fā)〔2015〕7號(hào)）（以下簡(jiǎn)稱《指導(dǎo)意見(jiàn)》）對(duì)校企合作明確提出：要“建立行業(yè)企業(yè)合作發(fā)展平臺(tái)。建立學(xué)校、地方、行業(yè)、企業(yè)和社區(qū)共同參與的合作辦學(xué)、合作治理機(jī)制。校企合作的專業(yè)集群實(shí)現(xiàn)全覆蓋。轉(zhuǎn)型高校可以與行業(yè)、企業(yè)實(shí)行共同組建教育集團(tuán)，也可以與行業(yè)企業(yè)、產(chǎn)業(yè)集聚區(qū)共建共管二級(jí)學(xué)院……合作推動(dòng)學(xué)校轉(zhuǎn)型發(fā)展。