數(shù)據(jù)時代的大數(shù)據(jù)數(shù)據(jù)源壟斷法律規(guī)范

王宏宇

摘 ? 要：隨著互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的發(fā)展，越來越多的企業(yè)在市場生產(chǎn)、交易過程中運(yùn)用大數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行市場精準(zhǔn)定位，從而擴(kuò)大企業(yè)的銷售效績。大數(shù)據(jù)作為企業(yè)的無形資源，正在重塑現(xiàn)代商業(yè)的交易方式。并且基于數(shù)據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)的樣本估計(jì)總體的基本原理，大企業(yè)在相關(guān)市場憑借市場優(yōu)勢地位可以獲得更多數(shù)據(jù)，造成數(shù)據(jù)壟斷的局面，從而易導(dǎo)致濫用市場支配地位的壟斷情形。文章認(rèn)為針對大數(shù)據(jù)時代的市場競爭，政府干預(yù)私主體的競爭必不可少，對于數(shù)據(jù)搜集、運(yùn)用的方式進(jìn)行規(guī)范，從而保護(hù)正常的市場交易秩序。

關(guān)鍵詞：數(shù)據(jù)壟斷;政府干預(yù);利益平衡

中圖分類號：D922.29 ? ? ? ? ?文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識碼：A

Abstract： As the development of Internet， more and more enterprises use big data to market precise positioning in the process of market production and transaction， so as to expand the sales performance of enterprises. As the intangible resources of enterprises， big data is reshaping the modern business transactions.And based on the data statistics of the basic principle of sample estimate overall， large enterprises in the relevant market with market dominance can get more data， data of monopoly， which easily lead to abuse of dominant market position of monopoly situation.This paper holds that in view of market competition in the era of big data， it is essential for the government to intervene in the competition of private subjects， so as to standardize the collection and application of data， so as to protect the normal order of market transactions.

Key words： data monopoly; government intervention; balance of interests

1 引言

1.1大數(shù)據(jù)定義

隨著信息網(wǎng)絡(luò)的發(fā)展，在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)發(fā)展2.0的“互聯(lián)網(wǎng)+”的信息時代，衍生出一種新的數(shù)據(jù)處理形式——大數(shù)據(jù)。最早提出“大數(shù)據(jù)”時代到來的是全球知名咨詢公司麥肯錫，麥肯錫稱：“數(shù)據(jù)，已經(jīng)滲透到當(dāng)今每一個行業(yè)和業(yè)務(wù)職能領(lǐng)域，成為重要的生產(chǎn)因素”。麥肯錫全球研究所給出的定義是：一種規(guī)模大到在獲取、存儲、管理、分析方面大大超出了傳統(tǒng)數(shù)據(jù)庫軟件工具能力范圍的數(shù)據(jù)集合，具有海量的數(shù)據(jù)規(guī)模、快速的數(shù)據(jù)流轉(zhuǎn)、多樣的數(shù)據(jù)類型和價值密度低四大特征。

1.2 大數(shù)據(jù)產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀

大數(shù)據(jù)的運(yùn)作是通過樣本估計(jì)總體的統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)原理，也就是樣本數(shù)量越多對總體預(yù)測和判斷便會越加精準(zhǔn)，所以利用大數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行市場的運(yùn)作主要分為兩個部分。……