王兆鑫 葉樊妮 王蓬
摘 要: “醫養結合”養老服務模式是滿足老年人醫療養護和生活照護需求的制度創新,同時也是政府職能轉型,創新醫療服務、養老服務供給方式的新型產物。但是,在實地推進過程中,“醫養結合”養老服務模式還存在著政府多頭管理,政策扶持落實難;支付保障體系尚未系統規劃;開展醫養結合養老服務的專業技能人才匱乏;體制建設和配套措施跟不上等問題。因此,需要通過一系列的體制創新和對策措施去解決處理,增強PPP模式、“互聯網+”、長期護理保險等在該領域的探索創新,消除“醫養結合”推進過程中的政策壁壘,實現養老醫療服務資源的合理有效配置,促進該模式效能最大化的提升。
關鍵詞: 老齡化; 醫養結合; 公共政策; 體制創新
中圖分類號: C939 文獻標識碼: A DOI:10.13411/j.cnki.sxsx.2018.03.006
Abstract: The pattern of “combination of medical care and nursing” is not only a system innovation to meet the needs of medical care and living care of the elderly, but also a new product of the transformation of government functions, innovation of medical service and supply of old-age service.However, in the process of promotion, there are still many governments to manage in the mode of “combination of medical care and nursing” for the aged, so it is difficult to implement the policy support; the system of payment security has not been systematically planned; system building and supporting measures can not keep up with such problems. Therefore, it is necessary to solve the problems through a series of institutional innovations and countermeasures, strengthen the PPP model, “Internet”, long-term care insurance, and so on, and eliminate the policy barriers in the process of promoting the “combination of medical care and nursing”. To realize the rational and effective allocation of endowment medical service resources and to promote the maximum efficiency of this model.
Key words: aging; combination of medical and nursing; public policy; system innovation
黨的十九大指出,要積極應對人口老齡化,構建養老、孝老、敬老政策體系和社會環境,推進醫養結合,加快老齡事業和產業發展。同時,國務院印發的《“十三五”國家老齡事業發展和養老體系建設規劃》中指出將“居家為基礎、社區為依托、機構為補充、醫養相結合的養老服務體系更加健全”作為發展目標。因此,構建“老有所養、老有所學、老有所醫、老有所樂、老有所教、老有所為”的老年福利體系成為國家對兩億多老人的莊重承諾。
一、問題的提出
自1999年我國步入人口老齡化社會以來,巨大的老年人口壓力已經成為政府和社會亟待解決的問題。截止到2016年底,我國60歲以上老年人口達23086萬人,占人口總數的16.7%。……