海水中感應耦合與超聲耦合無線電能傳輸技術對比

陳希有 許康 牟憲民 李冠林

摘 要 通過原理分析，提出了海水中感應耦合無線電能傳輸（ICWPT）系統的電路模型，其中考慮了海水的渦流效應，建立了匹配條件下傳輸效率的表達式。作為對比，基于單個超聲換能器的電路模型，建立了包含兩個超聲換能器的超聲耦合無線電能傳輸（UCWPT）系統電路模型，分析了匹配條件下的傳輸效率。分別以矩形耦合線圈作為電磁耦合裝置，以壓電復合材料換能器作為電聲和聲電轉換裝置，搭建了在海水槽中ICWPT和UCWPT系統實驗平臺。分別從傳輸效率與工作頻率的關系、傳輸效率與耦合距離的關系進行了比較，并對傳輸功率進行了討論。研究發現，ICWPT的傳輸效率與頻率的關系曲線比UCWPT的效率與頻率關系曲線更加平坦。較遠距離時，UCWPT的傳輸效率高于ICWPT的傳輸效率。

關鍵詞：海水；超聲波；感應耦合；無線電能傳輸；對比

中圖分類號：TM724

Abstract： Through the analysis of the principle， the circuit model of inductive coupling wireless power transmission（ICWPT） system in seawater was proposed， which considered the eddy current effect of seawater. The transmission efficiency under matching condition was established. For contrast， based on the circuit model of a single ultrasonic transducer， a circuit model of ultrasonic coupling wireless power transmission（UCWPT） system with two ultrasonic transducers was established， and the its transmission efficiency under matching conditions was analyzed. The ICWPT and UCWPT system experimental platforms were constructed by using the rectangular coupling coil as the electromagnetic energy coupling devices and the piezoelectric （PZT） composite transducer as the electro-acoustic and acoustic-electro conversion devices. The relationship between transmission efficiency and operating frequency， transmission efficiency and coupling distance was compared， respectively， and the transmission power was also discussed. It is found that the transmission efficiency vs frequency curve of the ICWPT system are more flat than that of the UCWPT system. At longer distances， the transmission efficiency for UCWPT system is higher than that of the ICWPT system.

Keywords：seawater； ultrasound； inductive coupling； wireless power transfer； contrast