內置式永磁同步電機低速無位置傳感器控制

魯家棟 劉景林

摘 要：針對內置式永磁同步電機低速無位置傳感器控制相關問題，在分析內置式永磁同步電機動態數學模型的基礎上，提出了一種基于高頻信號注入法的轉子位置估計方法。通過向電機的控制電壓中疊加一個三相對稱高頻電壓信號，對三相電流響應信號進行帶通濾波，得到高頻電流分量，利用最小二乘算法提取三相高頻電流響應的幅值大小，并經過特定算法提取出轉子位置。該算法運算量小，估計誤差低，易于實現，對電機參數變化不敏感，魯棒性強，對一臺內置式永磁同步電機無位置運行的實驗結果表明轉子位置提取算法的有效性，根據工作狀態的不同，檢測誤差會有所不同，但誤差限都控制在6°（電角度）以內，平均檢測誤差都小于3°（電角度）。

關鍵詞：內置式永磁同步電機；無位置傳感器；高頻信號注入；凸極追蹤；幅值提取

DOI：10.15938/j.emc.（編輯填寫）

中圖分類號：TM 351 文獻標志碼：A 文章編號：1007 -449X（2018）00-0000-00（編輯填寫）

Abstract： On the basis of analyzing the mathematic model of the interior permanent magnet synchronous machine， a novel rotor position estimation scheme based on high-frequency injection （HFI） is suggested， which will meet the need of low-speed sensorless control of IPMSM. In the proposed method， a three-phase symmetrical high-frequency voltage signal is superimposed in the control voltage first， then the high-frequency current component is obtained by band-pass filtering of the three-phase current signal， and the amplitude of the three-phase high-frequency current response is extracted by least square algorithm， finally the rotor position is obtained. The mathematical processing algorithm operation is small and the algorithm is easy to implement， the estimation error is small， robustness is strong. The experimental results show that the proposed estimation method for rotor position is correct. The error limits are controlled within 6° （in electrical degree）， the average detection error is less than 3° （in electrical degree）， which will bring a practical value in engineering.

Keywords： interior permanent magnet synchronous motor； sensorless； high-frequency signal injection； saliency tracking； amplitude extraction