礦區農戶生態補償意愿影響因素實證研究

楊俊　李其濤

摘要 以德興礦區為例，采用實地問卷調查方法獲取農戶受償意愿數據，然后采用Logistic回歸模型對影響農戶受償意愿的因素進行了分析。結果表明：47.0%的農戶同意實施生態補償政策，27.6%的農戶對生態補償政策持否定態度，12.9%的農戶對其不了解，12.4%的農戶選擇保持原樣。根據分析結果，進一步表明耕地面積的多少和家庭收入水平的差異在很大程度上影響著農戶的生態補償意愿，農業收入低下和家庭人口眾多是影響農戶生態補償意愿的重要因素，務工時間和主糧來源間接的也會影響農戶的生態補償意愿。由此得出農民的生存和發展的權利是確保生態補償成功實施的關鍵因素，政府應多關注農戶意愿，將農戶的滿意度作為補償是否合理的標準，確保生態補償政策的順利實施。

關鍵詞 生態補償；農戶意愿；影響因素；Logistic模型

中圖分類號 S-9；F301.2 文獻標識碼

A 文章編號 0517-6611（2018）14-0206-04

An Empirical Analysis on Factors Affecting the Willingness of Farmers to Accept Ecocompensation in Mining Area

YANG Jun1，2，LI Qitao1，2 （1.Faculty of Geomatics，East China University of Technology，Nanchang，Jiangxi 330013；2.The Evaluation of Key Laboratory of Watershed Ecology and Geographical Environment Monitoring，NASG，Nanchang，Jiangxi 330013）

Abstract Taking the Dexing mining area as an example， the paper used the field questionnaire survey method to obtain the data of the compensation intention of the farmers and then analyzed the factors that affect the willingness of the farmers to be satisfied by the Logistic regression model.The results showed that 47.0% of the farmers agreed to implement the ecocompensation policy， 27.6% of the farmers had a negative attitude towards the ecocompensation policy， and 12.9% of the farmers did not understand， and 12.4% of the farmers chose to remain the same.According to the results of analysis， further evidence of arable land and the differences of family income level to a great extent， affects the farmers willingness to ecocompensation， low agricultural income and family population is the important factors that affect farmers willingness to ecocompensation， working time and staple food source may also affect farmers willingness to ecocompensation.This study provided that the rights of the farmers survival and development is a key factor to ensure the successful implementation of ecocompensation， the government should pay more attention to farmers， the farmers satisfaction as the standard of whether compensation is reasonable， ensuring to implement ecocompensation policy smoothly.

Key words Ecocompensation；Farmers intend；Impact factors；Logistic model

隨著全球環境的日益惡化，生態退化和環境污染問題已經嚴重阻礙了社會的經濟發展，人類與自然的相處方式值得人們開始反思。長期以來，開發礦產資源為國民經濟的發展提供了能源、工業原料和農業生產資料，并為國家貢獻了巨額的利稅。然而，礦產資源的開發對人類也產生了負面的影響，不僅造成生態環境的破壞（礦區塌陷、礦坑積水等），而且還帶來了環境污染（排放廢氣、廢水、廢渣等）。因此，如何正確調節生態損益平衡關系，促進生態環境的保護成為我國急需解決的問題[1]。……