A Very Mighty Finn

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Cigar smoke filled the mahogany1mahogany紅木，桃花心木。coach, clinging to the reddish curtains and maroon2maroon褐紫紅色的。upholstery3upholstery（沙發(fā)、軟椅等的）墊襯料。. It was June 4, 1942, and Finland’s top commander was celebrating his 75th birthday. But rather than partying at a palace or posh4posh時(shí)髦的；奢侈的。hotel, Carl Gustaf Emil Mannerheim and his colleagues had reason to meet in a secret railway siding5siding岔線；會(huì)車線。: Adolf Hitler had arrived unannounced, and Mannerheim wanted to avoid any indication that this was a formal state visit.Using the diplomacy and discretion6discretion謹(jǐn)慎。for which he’s now famed, Mannerheim charmed the führer for the good of his nation.

[2]His only way to save Finland from Russia was to ally himself with the Nazis, so Mannerheim played a delicate balancing game of keeping his troops strong while cordially7cordially熱情友好地；熱忱的。courting Hitler’s favor without a formal alliance. “Man-

紅木車廂中彌漫著雪茄的煙霧，連淺紅色的窗簾和褐紫紅色的軟墊也沾染了煙味，經(jīng)久不散。這天是1942年6月4日，正是芬蘭最高軍事指揮官——卡爾·古斯塔夫·埃米爾·曼納海姆的75歲生辰。但是他和同事沒(méi)有選擇私人府邸或是豪華酒店聚會(huì)慶祝，而是來(lái)到了一處秘密的鐵路專用線上。這并非故弄玄虛，而是因?yàn)榘⒌婪颉はＬ乩胀蝗辉煸L，而曼納海姆并不想讓外界誤以為這是一次正式的國(guó)事訪問(wèn)。曼納海姆素以高超的外事手腕和謹(jǐn)慎的行事作風(fēng)為人所稱道，這幫助他贏得了希特勒的青睞，進(jìn)而維護(hù)了芬蘭的利益。

[2]為了擺脫蘇聯(lián)對(duì)芬蘭的影響，曼納海姆不得不與納粹合作。他一邊竭力確保芬蘭的軍事力量不被削弱，一邊熱誠(chéng)地給予希特勒幫助卻又避免與其結(jié)成正式聯(lián)盟，如同玩起了一場(chǎng)微妙的平衡游戲。“曼納海姆對(duì)德國(guó)人非常警惕，這與1918年的情形別無(wú)二致。”《曼納海姆：總統(tǒng)、戰(zhàn)士和間諜》一書作者喬納森·克萊門茨對(duì)OZY日?qǐng)?bào)說(shuō)道。“曼納海姆與納粹并非朋友，”克萊門茨繼續(xù)說(shuō)道，并且杜撰了一個(gè)含義復(fù)雜的表達(dá)——“合作交戰(zhàn)協(xié)議”，借此說(shuō)明德國(guó)與芬蘭并非盟友，但為了抗擊共同的敵人，兩國(guó)之間確實(shí)存在軍事合作。幸運(yùn)的是，曼納海姆生日當(dāng)天有人偷偷錄下了兩人之間的對(duì)話。這也是希特勒為后世所知的唯一一份非公開場(chǎng)合的錄音。希特勒素以慷慨激昂的公開演講而聞名，但這段錄音中他的語(yǔ)氣卻顯得尤為平和親切。

[3]芬蘭人民對(duì)曼納海姆推崇備至。

[4]戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)時(shí)期，芬蘭一直是一個(gè)獨(dú)特的存在，這在很大程度上得益于曼納海姆的努力。芬蘭是唯一在1939年與蘇聯(lián)接壤，到1945年時(shí)仍保持獨(dú)立的歐洲國(guó)家。當(dāng)然，斯大林對(duì)于曼納海姆拒絕進(jìn)攻列寧格勒的舉動(dòng)大為欣賞也是原因之一。據(jù)漢魯·勞特卡利奧的《芬蘭與大屠殺》介紹，芬蘭雖與德國(guó)結(jié)為聯(lián)盟，但設(shè)法幫助本國(guó)的猶太人和幾乎所有難民免受了納粹迫害。總之，是曼納海姆與希特勒的密切關(guān)系，使得納粹左右為難，陷入了困境。生日當(dāng)天，希特勒的突然造訪讓曼納海姆很是為難，但他不動(dòng)聲色地偷偷將希特勒送到了私人沙龍上。期間，希特勒為感謝他過(guò)去一年以來(lái)給予納粹德國(guó)的支持，送給他一輛奔馳轎車，曼納海姆禮貌而謹(jǐn)慎地收下了禮物。但據(jù)曼納海姆博物館檔案記載，1944年8月的總統(tǒng)就職典禮上，曼納海姆所使用的座駕卻并非那輛奔馳，而是他的帕卡德V12轎車。nerheim was extremely wary8wary謹(jǐn)防的；機(jī)警的；唯恐的。of the Germans, as he had been in 1918,” Jonathan Clements, author ofMannerheim:President, Soldier, Spy, tellsOZY9OZY為Ozymandias縮寫，是一份為新生代量身打造的電子日?qǐng)?bào)。. “He was no friend of the Nazis,” Clements says, but rather created the intricately worded “co-belligerency10belligerency交戰(zhàn)狀態(tài)。pact” that specified how Germany and Finland,while not allies, were militarily cooperating to fight the same enemy. Luckily for posterity11posterity后裔，子孫。, a tape was surreptitiously made of the men’s birthday conversation. It’s the only known recording of Hitler speaking privately and echoes a strangely intimate tone for a leader better known for feverish public speeches.

[3]The Finns can’t get enough of12getenough of對(duì)……感到膩煩。Mannerheim.

[4]Finland remained a unique case throughout the war, thanks largely to Mannerheim’s efforts. It was the only European country bordering the Soviet Union in 1939 that remained unoccupied in 1945, thanks in part to Stalin’s admiration of the marshal for refusing to attack Leningrad. The Finns also managed to side with Germany while being spared the persecution of their native Jews and nearly all their refugees,according to Hannu Rautkallio’s bookFinland and the Holocaust. Above all,it was Mannerheim’s chummy13chummy親密的。relations with Hitler that kept the Nazis at bay14at bay走投無(wú)路。. He hid his embarrassment at the führer’s surprise birthday visit, sneaking him into his private saloon, and even when Hitler gifted him a Mercedes-Benz for choosing to ally with him in 1941, Mannerheim accepted his token graciously15graciously和藹地；仁慈地；雅致地。, and discreetly. But in August 1944, when Mannerheim was elected president, he arrived at his inauguration16inauguration就職典禮。in his Sedan V12 Packard17帕卡德（Packard）是20世紀(jì)著名的豪華汽車品牌，其精湛無(wú)瑕的汽車生產(chǎn)工藝馳名于世，V12是指搭載12缸發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)。,not the Mercedes, according to Mannerheim Museum archives.

[5]The cat-and-mouse18cat-and-mouse（像貓對(duì)老鼠般）恣意玩弄折磨，貓戲老鼠。game Mannerheim played with Hitler was just the culmination19culmination頂點(diǎn)；高潮。of a spectacular career for the 6-foot-4 war hero who hunted maneating tigers, squared up to spoke six languages and rode horseback through thousands of miles of unchartered21unchartered未得特許狀的；不合規(guī)則的。Central Asia as a secret agent.On his 75th birthday, the government granted Mannerheim his official title,“Marshal of Finland,” and 53 years after his death, he was voted the greatest Finn ever by his countrymen.20square up to擺好打架的架勢(shì)；堅(jiān)決面對(duì)。Stalin,

[5]曼納海姆精通六國(guó)語(yǔ)言，追捕過(guò)食人的老虎，對(duì)峙過(guò)斯大林，還曾馳騁在中亞綿延數(shù)千公里尚未對(duì)外開放的領(lǐng)地上搜集情報(bào)。與希特勒之間貓鼠游戲不過(guò)是這位身高一米九的戰(zhàn)斗英雄精彩一生的頂峰時(shí)期。他在75歲生日之際，被政府授予“芬蘭元帥”稱號(hào)；逝世53周年之后，依然被芬蘭人民票選為最偉大的芬蘭人。

[6]The Marshal of Finland was born to Swedish-speaking aristocrats. His father ran off with his mistress, leaving the family bankrupt. But Mannerheim persevered, making his career in the imperial Russian army and serving the last of the czars. He traveled as a secret agent from St. Petersburg to China to spy for the Russians, crossing China on horseback and notably teaching the 13th Dalai Lama how to shoot a pistol.Mannerheim also led Finland’s defenses in its darkest hour at the ripe old age of 72, against the impossible odds of the 1939–1940 Winter War22Winter War冬季戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)（二戰(zhàn)時(shí)期蘇聯(lián)與芬蘭之間的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)）。, when the country was up against Stalin’s heavily armed men. Finland’s 346,000-strong army went up against almost three times as many Russians and resisted longer than expected. The battle saw Mannerheim hailed a champion of Finnish liberty, and four years later, at age 77,he would accept the presidency to begin easing Finland from war to peace.

[6]曼納海姆出生于芬蘭一個(gè)以瑞典語(yǔ)為母語(yǔ)的貴族家庭。少年時(shí)，父親攜情婦私奔，家庭因此解散。但這位芬蘭元帥并沒(méi)有被生活打倒，他投身于俄軍，成為了末代沙皇麾下的戰(zhàn)士。后來(lái)，他受命于俄國(guó)，曾從圣彼得堡到中國(guó)秘密搜集情報(bào)。在這期間，他騎馬穿越中國(guó)，并曾指導(dǎo)十三世達(dá)賴?yán)锸褂檬謽尅?939年到1940年蘇芬冬季戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)爆發(fā)，面對(duì)全副武裝的蘇軍，盡管獲勝希望渺茫，但曼納海姆以72歲的高齡率領(lǐng)芬軍度過(guò)了那段尤為艱辛的歲月。當(dāng)時(shí)，芬軍不過(guò)34.6萬(wàn)人，而蘇軍規(guī)模是其3倍有余，但芬蘭這支勁旅的抵抗力遠(yuǎn)超出預(yù)期。自此，曼納海姆被盛贊為芬蘭自由的捍衛(wèi)者。4年后，77歲的曼納海姆當(dāng)選為芬蘭總統(tǒng)，開始帶領(lǐng)芬蘭人民由戰(zhàn)亂逐步走向和平。

[7]Today his reputation has taken on23take on承擔(dān)；呈現(xiàn)；具有。mythic proportions, reflected in everything from comics and merchandise to the Kenyan filmBlack Mannerheim,in which all of the characters, including Mannerheim, are portrayed as Black.Yet Mannerheim’s personality remains obscure. Although his godmother arranged his marriage to a wealthy Russian-Serbian noble who bore him two children, the union ended in divorce,resulting in Mannerheim’s depression.But little else is known about the man’s personal life. “He didn’t appear to have many close friends,” says Eric Enno Tamm, whose bookThe Horse That Leaps Through Cloudsdocuments how he retraced24retrace追溯；折回；重描。Mannerheim’s epic Asian trek.

[8]Mannerheim’s intricately primed25prime事先交代。relations with Nazi Germany saved Finland from both Russia and Hitler—no mean feat26no mean feat絕非易事。. So while he may have struggled with marriage and friendships,he’ll forever be remembered by a grateful nation for his shrewd leadership and untiring dedication. ■

[7]如今，曼納海姆的故事中開始摻雜虛構(gòu)的成分。不管是漫畫、商品，還是肯尼亞電影《黑人曼納海姆》，包括主人公在內(nèi)的所有人物都被塑造成了黑人。而對(duì)于主人公個(gè)性的描寫卻仍是模糊不清。曼納海姆的教母曾為他介紹了一位俄羅斯-塞爾維亞血統(tǒng)有錢的貴族妻子，婚后兩人育有兩個(gè)孩子，但這段婚姻最后仍以失敗告終。曼納海姆因此一度意志消沉。除此之外，外界對(duì)于他的私人生活知之甚少。“曼納海姆關(guān)系密切的朋友似乎并不多。”埃里克·埃諾·塔姆表示。塔姆著有《躍過(guò)云端的馬》一書，該書記載了他追隨曼納海姆的腳步，重走當(dāng)年史詩(shī)般的亞洲之旅的經(jīng)歷。

[8]曼納海姆與納粹德國(guó)之間如前所述錯(cuò)綜復(fù)雜的關(guān)系使芬蘭得以保全于蘇聯(lián)和希特勒之間，這絕非易事。所以說(shuō)，盡管他婚姻不幸、朋友無(wú)幾，但芬蘭人民將永遠(yuǎn)銘記他高超的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)才能和不懈的奉獻(xiàn)精神。 □