姚文艷 邵慧珺 劉媛
【摘要】 目的:研究長時程連續心電監控房顫對急性缺血性卒中(發病<5 d)入住院患者的卒中后復發情況。方法:將篩選的103例急性缺血性腦卒中且STAF評分5分的患者,按是否進行10 d長時程或者短時程2個24 h動態心電監測房顫是否發生,分成監控組51例和常規組52例,比較兩組患者的房顫檢出率、腦卒中復發卒中復發率,并按照美國國立衛生研究院健康卒中評分標準計算NIHSS分值、平均住院天數。結果:監控組中共檢診斷陣發性心房顫動患者9例(17.6%),常規組中診斷出陣發性心房顫動患者3例(5.8%),監控組陣發性房顫的檢出率明顯高于常規組(P<0.05)。監控組腦卒中復發3例(5.9%)明顯低于常規組7例(13.5%);監控組腦卒中后NIHSS評分(9.7±4.1)分低于常規組(18.3±5.4)分;監控組腦卒中后平均住院日(15.9±5.1)d低于常規組(23.1±11.3)d,各指標間比較均有統計學意義(P<0.05)。結論:長時程連續心電監控房顫可以及早發現并糾正房顫,降低腦卒中復發率,降低腦卒中復發后的NIHSS評分,減少平均住院日。
【關鍵詞】 房顫; 腦卒中; 動態心電圖; 復發率
【Abstract】 Objective:To investigate the post-stroke relapse of inpatients with acute ischemic stroke by the long-term continuous electrocardiogram monitoring of recurrent atrial fibrillation (disease time less than 5 days).Method:103 selected stroke patients with STAF score of 5 were divided into monitoring group of 51 cases and common group of 52 cases according to whether or not receive 10-day long-term ECG monitoring or 2 times of 24-hour dynamic ECG monitoring to determine whether atrial fibrillation was occurred.The detection rate of atrial fibrillation and the recurrent rate of recurrent stroke, as well as the NIHSS score and the average duration of hospitalization of patients in the two groups were compared.Result:There were 9 patients(17.6%)diagnosed with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation in the monitoring group,while there were 3 patients(5.8%)diagnosed with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation in the common group,the detection rate of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation in the monitoring group was obviously higher than that in the common group(P<0.05).The recurrent rate of stroke in the monitoring was 5.9% evidently lower than that in the common group 13.5%(P<0.05).The post-stroke NIHSS score of the monitoring group was (9.7±4.1)points lower than that of the common group(18.3±5.4)points(P<0.05).The average duration of hospitalization after stroke of the monitoring group was (15.9±5.1)d less than that of the common group(23.1±11.3)d(P<0.05).Conclusion:Long-term ECG monitoring can early detect and correct atrial fibrillation,decrease the recurrent rate of stroke,lower the post-stroke NIHSS score of brain stroke,and reduce the average hospitalization period.
【Key words】 Atrial fibrillation; Schemic stroke; Electrocardiographic monitoring; Recurrence rate
First-authors address:The Friendship Hospital of Dalian,Dalian 116001,China
doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-4985.2017.25.033
腦卒中是導致成人致死殘疾的一個重要的原因,缺血性卒中占其中患者的60%~70%的比例,按照急性腦卒中治療試驗(TOAST)的病因分型,其中心源性腦卒中占20%左右[1],心房顫動(簡稱房顫)是臨床中最常見的心律失常[2],是心源性卒中最為常見的原因,占50%左右。有研究表明房顫可使卒中風險增加5倍[3],并且房顫與非房顫相關因素導致的腦卒中比較,房顫患者卒中導致的死亡率相對其他原因的死亡率高,復發率也較高,并且有更嚴重的致死致殘率,住院時間也延長,給患者和社會帶來重大的負擔。應用抗凝治療與抗血小板治療相比,預防效果更佳,但是目前研究主要集中在持續性房顫方面,主要集中在對于持續性房顫的診治。陣發性房顫由于其有陣發性和隱匿性等特點,不易發現,常規的檢查可能無法篩查到這種危險因素。故本文對本院卒中患者選取的103例急性缺血性腦卒中患者進行復發和預后進行研究和分析,為預防和診治該類疾病提供證據。endprint
1 資料與方法
1.1 一般資料 本研究為單中心、前瞻性研究,收集2013年1月-2016年12月期間住院大連市友誼醫院神經內科病房住院系統診治的急性缺血性腦卒中患者,并按如下所述條件從中篩選所研究的導致卒中的高危房顫患者。筆者根據房顫篩查量表(Score for the targeting of atrial fibrillation,STAF)來初步篩選房顫的高危人群,該量表按年齡、美國國立衛生研究院卒中量表(National Institute of Health stroke scale,NIHSS)評分、左心房內徑和血管狹窄情況分別評分,見表1。……