吳良豐
【摘要】 目的 對比人工關節置換術與內固定術在老年股骨轉子間骨折患者中的治療效果。方法 96例接受手術治療的股骨轉子間骨折老年患者, 按照隨機數字表法分為人工髖關節置換組與內固定組。記錄并比較兩組患者的切口長度、手術時間、術中出血量、術后下地時間、早期并發癥發生情況及術后12個月后Harris髖關節功能評分。結果 人工髖關節置換組的切口長度為(10.5±1.8)cm、術中出血量為(205.7±56.3)ml及手術時間為(70.2±5.3)min, 與固定組的(7.3±2.1)cm、(145.3±44.5)ml、(60.3±6.1)min比較, 差異具有統計學意義(t=8.016、5.831、8.488, P<0.05)。人工髖關節置換組患者的術后下地時間及早期并發癥發生例數顯著優于內固定組, 差異具有統計學意義(P<0.05)。人工髖關節置換組疼痛、功能、畸形、活動度以及總分分別為(35.2±3.4)、(36.7±4.5)、(3.2±0.5)、(3.1±0.4)、(78.8±3.2)分, 內固定組各項評分分別為(28.1±2.6)、(22.8±3.1)、(3.1±0.9)、(3.0±1.1)、(57.1±4.3)分;兩組患者畸形和活動度評分比較差異無統計學意義(P>0.05);人工髖關節置換組的疼痛、功能及總分明顯高于內固定組, 差異具有統計學意義(P<0.05)。結論 人工關節置換具有術后下床時間短、早期并發癥少、髖關節功能恢復好等優點, 是治療老年股骨轉子間骨折的有效方法。
【關鍵詞】 人工關節置換術;骨折內固定術;股骨轉子間骨折
DOI:10.14163/j.cnki.11-5547/r.2017.29.008
【Abstract】 Objective To compare the treatment effect of artificial joint replacement and internal fixation in elderly patients with intertrochanteric fracture. Methods A total of 96 elderly patients with intertrochanteric fracture undergoing surgical therapy were divided by random number table method into artificial joint replacement group and internal fixation group, with 48 cases in each group. Record and comparison were made on length of incision, operation time, intraoperative bleeding volume, postoperative off-bed time, occurrence of early complications and Harris hip function score in postoperative 12 months between two groups. Results Artificial joint replacement group had length of incision as (10.5±1.8) cm, intraoperative bleeding volume as (205.7±56.3) ml
and operation time as (70.2±5.3) min, which were all obviously better than (7.3±2.1) cm, (145.3±44.5) ml and (60.3±6.1) min in internal fixation group, and their difference was statistically significant (t=8.016, 5.831, 8.488, P<0.05). Artificial joint replacement group had obviously better postoperative off-bed time and cases of early complications than internal fixation group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Artificial joint replacement group had pain, function, deformity, activity score and total score respectively as (35.2±3.4), (36.7±4.5), (3.2±0.5), (3.1±0.4) and (78.8±3.2) points, which were (28.1±2.6), (22.8±3.1), (3.1±0.9), (3.0±1.1) and (57.1±4.3) points in internal fixation group. Both groups had no statistically significant difference in deformity and activity score (P>0.05). Artificial joint replacement group had obviously higher pain and function score and total score than internal fixation group, and their difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion Artificial joint replacement has the advantages of shorter postoperative off-bed time, less early complications and better functional recovery of hip function. It is an effective method for the treatment of elderly intertrochanteric fracture.endprint
【Key words】 Artificial joint replacement; Internal fixation of fracture; Intertrochanteric fracture
股骨轉子部為松質骨, 血運豐富, 很少不愈合, 因而曾經被認為是較容易治療的骨折。然而許多患者年齡較大, 且常伴有心血管系統疾病等多種合并癥, 且常伴有骨質疏松, 轉子部是力的轉折點, 股骨轉子間畸形率高, 長期臥床也易產生并發癥[1-3]。隨著醫療技術的提升, 人工髖關節置換術或內固定術應用越來越廣泛, 且取得了不錯的臨床療效。本研究對人工髖關節置換術和骨折內固定術治療的療效、早期并發癥發生情況進行探討, 報告如下。
1 資料與方法
1. 1 一般資料 選取本院2013年1月~2016年8月收治的96例接受手術治療的股骨轉子間骨折老年患者, 按照隨機數字表法分為人工髖關節置換組和內固定組, 每組48例。人工髖關節置換組中男22例, 女26例;左側22例, 右側26例;平均年齡(75.1±4.2)歲;……