袁飛飛+王紅+呂甜甜
摘要:目的 對隔代撫養與親代撫養的大學生生存質量進行比較。
方法 從安徽醫科大學隨機抽取492名在校大學生,其中隔代撫養大學生46人,親代撫養大學生446人。有記名進行生存質量狀況及影響因素問卷調查。
結果 在校大學生中,隔代撫養大學生與親代撫養大學生的生理機能領域和一般健康狀況領域的差異有統計學意義(P<0.05)。隔代撫養大學生與親代撫養大學生在性別、自信、和家人的通話頻率等方面的差異有統計學意義(P<0.05)。
結論 隔代撫養大學生在生理機能領域和一般健康狀況領域的得分比親代撫養大學生得分低,隔代撫養大學生中女性比例較高、自信心較低以及和家人較高的通話頻率可能是導致其生存質量較親代撫養大學生生存質量低的原因。因此,提高隔代撫養大學生的自信心以及增強人際交往能力是提高其生存質量的有效途徑。
關鍵詞: 大學生; 隔代撫養; 生存質量; 研究中圖分類號: R 195 文獻標志碼: A
Abstract: Objective To compare the college students quality of life between grandparents-raised college students and parents-raised students.
Methods A total of 492 undergraduates were randomly selected from Anhui Medical University, including 46 grandparents-raised college students, and 446 parents-raised college students . Nominative questionnaires were done for quality of life status and its influencing factors.
Results With the included college students, the differences between grandparents-raised college students and parents-raised ones in the fields of physiological function (RF) and general health (GH) were statistically significant (P<0.05). And in terms of gender, self-confidence, and the frequency of telephone-communication with their families,the differences between the two groups of students were also statistically significant (P<0.05).
Conclusion Grandparents-raised students in the fields of physiological function and general health scores were lower than the parents-raised college students. Among them, there was higher proportion of females , lower self-confidence and more prolonged family calls, which might lead to the lower level of their living quality compared with the parents-raised students. It is held that enhancing grandparents-raised students self-confidence and interpersonal skills is an effective way to improve their quality of life.
Keywords: college students; grandparents-raising; quality of life; research
生存質量(QOL)主要是指個體生理、心理、社會功能三個方面的狀態評估,即與健康相關的生存質量。世界衛生組織(WHO)對此定義為
不同文化和價值體系中的個體與對他們的目標、期望、標準以及所關心的事情有關的生存狀況的體驗[1]。大學生群體處于競爭加劇的環境中,面臨來自生活、學習和就業的諸多壓力,是亞健康的高發人群[2-3],而亞健康可引起生存質量下降。不同的撫養方式可能對生存質量產生不同的影響[4],隔代撫養(grandparents-raising)又叫祖輩撫養,是指主要由祖輩來承擔照顧、教育的撫養方式[5]。……