結(jié)合MODIS云產(chǎn)品的黑龍江省2015年人工增雨潛力研究

摘要[目的]研究2015年黑龍江省人工增雨潛力的時(shí)空分布。[方法]利用再分析資料計(jì)算降水轉(zhuǎn)化率，并通過結(jié)合MODIS衛(wèi)星云產(chǎn)品，從人工增雨的微物理?xiàng)l件出發(fā)進(jìn)一步研究了黑龍江省2015年春季和秋季的增雨潛力。[結(jié)果]在春季的松嫩平原大部分地區(qū)以及秋季的松嫩平原與三江平原大部分地區(qū)，降水量和降水轉(zhuǎn)化率均較小，存在一定的增雨潛力；春季，松嫩平原北部和三江平原中部存在適宜進(jìn)行暖云催化增雨的區(qū)域；秋季，從松嫩平原北部至三江平原西側(cè)存在許多適宜暖云催化增雨的區(qū)域，同時(shí)在松嫩平原北部與三江平原西側(cè)的局部地區(qū)存在適宜冷云催化增雨的區(qū)域。[結(jié)論]該研究可為科學(xué)合理開展人工增雨規(guī)劃及作業(yè)提供依據(jù)。

關(guān)鍵詞人工增雨潛力；降水轉(zhuǎn)化率；MODIS；云微物理；黑龍江省

中圖分類號(hào)S423+.9文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼A文章編號(hào)0517-6611（2017）11-0171-05

Abstract[Objective] The research aimed to study the temporal and spatial distribution of artificial precipitation potentiality in Heilongjiang Province in 2015.[Method] The precipitation conversion rate was calculated by using the reanalysis data. The potential of rainfall in spring and autumn of Heilongjiang Province in 2015 was further studied by combining the MODIS satellite cloud product and the microphysical conditions of artificial rainfall.[Result] In most parts of Songnen Plain in spring and in Songnen Plain and most of the Sanjiang Plain in autumn， the precipitation and conversion rate of precipitation were small， and there was some potential for increasing rainfall.In spring， there were areas suitable for warm cloudy catalytic enhancement precipitation in the northern part of Songnen Plain and the middle part of the Sanjiang Plain.In autumn， there were many areas suitable for warm cloudy catalytic enhancement precipitation from the northern part of Songnen Plain to the western part of Sanjiang Plain. At the same time， there were areas suitable for cold cloudy catalytic enhancement precipitation in the northern part of Songnen Plain and the western part of Sanjiang Plain.[Conclusion] The study provides a basis for scientific and reasonable planning and operation of artificial rainfall.

Key wordsArtificial precipitation potentiality；Precipitation conversion rate；MODIS；Cloud microphysics；Heilongjiang Province

人工增雨是開發(fā)空中水資源、解決水資源緊缺與保障生產(chǎn)的重要手段之一，對(duì)人工增雨潛力的充分研究是科學(xué)合理開展人工增雨規(guī)劃及作業(yè)的必要前提。黑龍江省作為我國重要的商品糧基地，其水資源的重要性不言而喻，因此開展針對(duì)黑龍江省的人工增雨潛力研究是非常必要的。

針對(duì)云水資源開發(fā)和增雨潛力的研究有多種途徑，如齊彥斌等[1]對(duì)東北冷渦云系開展的飛機(jī)穿云觀測(cè)試驗(yàn)、洪延超等[2]利用數(shù)值模式對(duì)層狀云增雨潛力開展的理論研究。而在國內(nèi)針對(duì)區(qū)域性增雨潛力的研究中，更多的是采用基于觀測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)的統(tǒng)計(jì)變量來表征增雨潛力的時(shí)空分布，如以CWR-PEP評(píng)估法統(tǒng)計(jì)量[3-4]或降水轉(zhuǎn)化率[5-7]的大小來表示增雨潛力，針對(duì)黑龍江省也曾有過這類研究[8]。……