劉帥 付和平 藍登明 楊陽 劉俊良



摘要[目的]研究3種檉柳屬植物種子萌發特性。[方法]以多枝檉柳、中國檉柳和細穗檉柳為研究對象,用沙床室溫試驗模擬自然環境,研究不同溫度脅迫、不同濃度NaCl鹽脅迫、不同濃度聚乙二醇(PEG-6000)干旱脅迫下3種檉柳屬植物的種子萌發特性。[結果]在15、20、25、30、35 ℃下,多枝檉柳和中國檉柳在25 ℃時萌發率最高,分別可達84.00%、97.34%;細穗檉柳在20 ℃萌發率最高,為7134%;NaCl溶液對種子萌發均有抑制作用;在干旱脅迫下,PEG濃度小于45%時對多枝檉柳種子萌發有促進作用,對中國檉柳有抑制作用,PEG濃度小于30%時對細穗檉柳種子萌發有促進作用。[結論]該研究可為擴大檉柳屬植物資源提供科學依據。
關鍵詞檉柳;溫度;鹽脅迫;干旱脅迫;種子發芽
中圖分類號S722.3文獻標識碼A文章編號0517-6611(2017)11-0130-03
Abstract[Objective]To study the seed germination characteristics of 3 species of Tamarix.[Method]Taking Tamarix ramosissima, Tamarix chinensis, Tamarix leptostachys as research object, simulation of natural environment with sand bed room temperature test, the characteristics of seed germination of 3 species of Tamarix under different temperature stress, different concentrations of NaCl salt stress and different concentrations of polyethylene glycol (PEG6000)of drought stress was studied.[Result] At 15,20,25,30,35 ℃, the germination rate of Tamarix ramosissima and Tamarix chinensis reached highest at 25 ℃, which were 84.00%, 97.34%, respectively.The germination rate of Tamarix leptostachys was highest at 20 ℃, which was about 71.34%.In the PEG environment, the PEG concentration less than 45% can promote seed germination of Tamarix ramosissima and inhibit seed germination of Tamarix chinensis.The PEG concentration less than 30% can promote seed germination of Tamarix leptostachys. [Conclusion]The study can provide scientific basis for expanding the resources of Tamarix.
Key wordsTamarixs;Temperature;Salt stress;Drought stress;Seed germination
檉柳屬植物起源古老,多為灌木或小喬木,全世界有90余種,中國產18種(新疆15種),主要分布于新疆、青海、甘肅、寧夏、內蒙古等西北省區,喜生荒漠區域河漫灘、沖積平原和低凹鹽堿地,生長在地下水位較高的各類鹽漬化土壤上,具有較強的抗鹽、耐旱和耐高溫等特性,具有良好的防風固沙效果[1-3]。檉柳屬植物作為干旱、半干旱區沙荒地和鹽堿地上廣泛分布的一類重要灌木,以其獨特的生物、生態學特性和重要的生態、社會經濟作用引起了人們的重視,是中亞生態系統中的關鍵種[4]。多枝檉柳(Tamarix ramosissima)、中國檉柳(Tamarix chinensis)和細穗檉柳(Tamarix leptostachys)都是檉柳屬(Tamarix)耐鹽堿種類[5],是荒漠地區優良的防風固沙造林樹種,并具有良好的觀賞價值[6]。……