張軍



摘要[目的] 研究川東北丘陵地區(qū)不同土地利用方式的土壤緊實度特征 。[方法]以西華師范大學華鳳校區(qū)不同土地利用類型為研究對象,選取25個測樣點,分析丘陵地區(qū)土壤緊實度的變化特征。[結(jié)果]土壤緊實度隨土層深度的增加而增加,隨坡度的增加而降低。但植被條件不同,也可能導(dǎo)致其土壤緊實度有所差異;植被覆蓋率越高,其土壤緊實度越大;植被垂直結(jié)構(gòu)越好,其土壤緊實度越高;枯枝落葉降低了土壤表層的緊實度。[結(jié)論]該研究對川東北丘陵地區(qū)的土地利用與水土保持研究,以及城市綠化的模擬與分析提供基礎(chǔ)數(shù)據(jù)。
關(guān)鍵詞土地利用; 土壤緊實度;植被覆蓋;人為擾動;坡度
中圖分類號S152文獻標識碼A文章編號0517-6611(2017)11-0102-05
Abstract[Objective] To study the characteristics of soil compaction under different land use methods in the hilly area of Northeast Sichuan.[Method] The research object was the land use types of the China West Normal University Campus(Huafeng District) in Nanchong City.There were 25 sampling sites in total.The change of soil compaction in the hilly area was analyzed.[Result] The soil compaction index increased with increasing soil depth and decreased with increasing slope in general.While different plant methods might bring about various soil compaction value;The soil compaction value increased with higher vegetation coverage and better vertical structure of vegetation, and the land surface dry leaves would decrease the soil compaction.[Conclusion] The study of the soil compaction will provide basic data for land use, soil and water conservation research and the simulation and analysis of city greening.
Key wordsLand use;Soil compaction;Plant covering;Anthropogenic disturbances;Slope
土壤緊實度是土壤性質(zhì)的一個方面,指示著土壤抵抗外力的壓實和破碎能力。研究表明,土壤緊實度受作物生長及植物根系[1-3]、土壤養(yǎng)分[4]、植被覆蓋[5]、人為耕作及耕種方式[6-9]、植物豐富度[10]、不同地類[11]、土地整理施工[12]和節(jié)肢動物物種豐富度[13]等因素的影響。同時,土壤緊實度的變化也影響土壤的結(jié)構(gòu)和抵抗侵蝕能力[14]及土壤滲透率[15-16]等土壤性質(zhì)。
關(guān)于川東北丘陵區(qū)土壤緊實度的研究很少,缺少對該地區(qū)土壤的認識和土壤的侵蝕退化與防治的基礎(chǔ)數(shù)據(jù)。特別是校園內(nèi)土地利用類型復(fù)雜,人為活動強烈,對土壤緊實度的相關(guān)研究顯得尤為重要。筆者以川東北丘陵地區(qū)西華師范大學華鳳校區(qū)為例,探討不同土地利用方式下丘陵地區(qū)土壤緊實度的變化特征及規(guī)律,以期為該地區(qū)土壤侵蝕研究與生態(tài)保護提供理論依據(jù)?!?br>