王長平 韋春波

摘要[目的]研究不同光照強度對育雛期蛋雞啄羽行為和皮膚損傷的影響。[方法]根據不同光照強度,將200只海蘭白羽蛋雞雛雞分為L1(光照強度為5 lx)、L2(光照強度為10 lx)、L3(光照強度為15 lx)、L4(光照強度為20 lx)4組。第4~6周,觀察各組雞只的啄羽行為,記錄被啄雞只的皮膚損傷,并對皮膚損傷狀況進行評分。[結果]被啄雞只的皮膚損傷部位主要為尾部皮膚(44.02%)、背部皮膚(2088%)和頭部皮膚(15.73%)。育雛期蛋雞的皮膚損傷評分隨著光照強度的增加呈增加趨勢,但雞只皮膚僅有輕微損傷。[結論]該研究結果可為在蛋雞生產中從禽舍光照角度減少啄羽行為提供參考。
關鍵詞啄羽行為;光照強度;皮膚損傷;行為表現;育雛期蛋雞
中圖分類號S831.4文獻標識碼A文章編號0517-6611(2017)11-0091-02
Abstract[Objective] To study the effects of different light intensity on featherpecking behavior and skin injury of laying hens during brooding period. [Method] 200 Hyline whitefeather laying chicken were divided into 4 groups(L1, L2, L3, L4)according to light intensity. The light intensity in L1,L2,L3,L4 groups was 5,10,15,20 lx respectively.During the 4th-6th week,the featherpecking behaviors and skin injury of laying hens in each group were observed and recorded,and the skin injury situations were scored. [Result] The injuryed skin parts of laying hens were mainly tail(44.02%),back(20.88%)and head(1573%).The skin injury score of laying hens druing brooding period showed an increasing trend with the increase of light intensity.But the injury of skin was little. [Conclusion] The research results can lay the foundation for reducing featherpecking behaviors from the aspect of light in the chicken shed.
Key wordsFeatherpecking behavior;Light intensity;Skin injury;Behavior performance;Laying hens during brooding period
啄羽被認為是由多種因素引發的[1]。大量研究表明,光照強度、飼糧組成、飼養密度以及荷爾蒙激素等變化都會影響啄羽行為的發生[2]。光照強度會影響啄羽行為的發生,隨著光照強度的增加,啄羽的發生率和強度呈現增加的趨勢[3]。然而,關于光照強度對啄羽產生的影響研究較少。筆者研究了不同光照強度對育雛期蛋雞啄羽行為和皮膚損傷的影響,旨在為蛋雞生產中從禽舍光照角度減少啄羽行為提供參考。
1材料與方法
1.1試驗動物及其飼養管理選取海蘭白羽蛋雞作為試驗動物,雛雞由東北農業大學孵化場提供。0~14 d采用地面平養的育雛飼養方式,地面鋪上15 cm厚的鋸末,雞只自由采食和飲水,試驗組與對照組日糧組成與飲水供給均相同。……