黃云祥



摘要[目的]評價以蘆筍為原料開發的功能食品速溶蘆筍粉改善睡眠的功效。[方法]通過60名志愿者試食試驗,每日食用1次,1次2袋(24 g),連續食用60 d,進行睡眠狀況評估,同時測定安全性指標及失眠相關內分泌指標,觀察速溶蘆筍粉對人體睡眠障礙的改善作用。[結果]速溶蘆筍粉可明顯增加有失眠困擾測評者的有效睡眠時間,由5.1 h延長至6.1 h;縮短入睡時間,由50.4 min縮短到25.3 min;醒后再入睡時間明顯減少,平均時間由46.5 min減少至19.5 min,食用前后差異顯著(P<0.05),測評者對睡眠質量改善滿意度較高。食用后無肝腎功能影響,具有較好的安全性。速溶蘆筍粉可以降低皮質醇、去甲腎上腺素水平,提高5-羥色胺、多巴胺水平。[結論]速溶蘆筍粉有改善睡眠質量作用,安全有效,其改善睡眠作用可能與調節HPA軸或5-羥色胺分泌相關。
關鍵詞速溶蘆筍粉;非藥物干預;改善睡眠作用;安全性
中圖分類號S644.6文獻標識碼A文章編號0517-6611(2017)11-0080-03
Abstract[Objective] To evaluate the efficacy of instant asparagus powder to improve sleep function as a functional food which was made of asparagus. [Method] The effect of instant asparagus powder on sleep disturbance was observed by 60 volunteers.Two bags of instant asparagus powder(24 g) were took per day for 60 d. Then sleep status was assessed and the safety indexes and insomniarelated endocrine indexes were determined. [Result] Instant asparagus powder could significantly increase the sleep time of sleep disorders from 5.1 h to 6.1 h, shorten the time to fall asleep from 50.4 min to 25.3 min, and reduce the time to fall asleep after the awake from 46.5 min to 19.5 min. The results had significant difference(P<0.05). The satisfaction of sleep quality was high. Instant asparagus powder had good safety without liver and kidney function influence. Instant asparagus powder could reduce the levels of cortisol and norepinephrine and increase the levels of serotonin and dopamine. [Conclusion] The results showed that instant asparagus powder could improve the quality of sleep, which was safe and effective. The improvement of sleep may be related to the regulation of HPA axis or the regulation of serotonin secretion.
Key wordsInstant asparagus powder;Nondrug intervention;Sleep improvement;Safety
蘆筍又名石刁柏、龍須菜,屬天門冬科天門冬屬植物,是一種藥食兩用的名貴蔬菜,被世界衛生組織列為世界十大最具營養價值的蔬菜之首,在國際市場上享有“蔬菜之王”的美稱[1]。蘆筍營養物質種類及含量豐富,并且含有多種活性成分,如蘆筍多糖、皂苷類化合物[2-3]、氨基酸[4]及黃酮類物質[5]等,具有抗腫瘤[6]、抗衰老[7]、降血脂[8]、保肝護肝[9]、調節免疫力[10]等多種生物學功能,蘆筍中活性成分的研究引起了科研工作者的廣泛興趣[11-15]。
睡眠是一個非常復雜的節律性生理過程,睡眠障礙是現代常見疾病,與精神及身體疾病密切相關,嚴重損害人們的健康,影響正常的工作、生活。據《2015年中國睡眠指數報告》顯示,31.21%的中國人有失眠問題的困擾,然而80%左右有早期睡眠問題的人對睡眠的認識不足[16]。目前治療睡眠障礙常以鎮靜催眠藥物為主,雖然不良反應較少,但仍存在耐藥、成癮、宿醉反應、認知功能缺損、失眠反彈等副作用[17-19]。……