抗水解穩定離子鈦對烤煙生長發育和品質的影響

萬軍 姜清治 張文建 楊友成 張廷珍 魏強 張趙鵬

摘要[目的] 研究抗水解穩定離子鈦對烤煙生長發育和品質的影響，為優質煙葉生產技術提供理論依據。[方法]在不同時期采用不同方式對烤煙施用抗水解穩定離子鈦，研究烤煙田間生長狀況、常規化學成分和致香物質含量的變化。[結果]施用抗水解穩定離子鈦可以顯著促進烤煙的生長發育，處理T7[移栽時噴施葉面肥（1∶1 000）+移栽后30 d噴施葉面肥（1∶1 000）]促進效果最明顯。處理T6[移栽時噴施葉面肥（1∶1 000）+移栽后30 d（團棵期）噴施葉面肥（1∶600）]的總糖、還原糖和總氮含量均接近優質煙葉的要求，降低上部葉和中部葉的煙堿含量，提高烤煙中部葉鉀含量。處理T5[移栽時噴施葉面肥（1∶1 000）+移栽后30 d（團棵期）噴施葉面肥 （1∶200）]的總糖、還原糖含量也較適宜，同時處理T5可以顯著增加上部葉鉀含量，提高煙葉可用性。處理T7總糖和還原糖含量偏高，不利于烤煙烘烤質量的體現。[結論]總體來看，處理T6效果最好，T5次之。

關鍵詞抗水解穩定離子鈦；烤煙；生長發育；品質

中圖分類號S572文獻標識碼A文章編號0517-6611（2017）11-0035-04

Abstract[Objective] To study effects of hydrolytic stability titanium ion on growth and quality of fluecured tobacco，and provide the theoretical basis for production technology of quality tobacco.[Method] Hydrolysis stability titanium ion was applied in different ways in different periods of the fluecured tobacco，and changes of growth，routine chemical components and aroma substance content of the fluecured tobacco were studied.[Result]Application of hydrolytic stability titanium ion could significantly promote the growth of fluecured tobacco，T7[transplanting spraying the leaf fertilizer （1∶1000） + 30 d after transplanting spraying the leaf fertilizer （1∶1 000）] was the best.Total sugar，reducing sugar and total nitrogen of T6[transplanting spraying the leaf fertilizer （1∶1000） + 30 d after transplanting spraying the leaf fertilizer （1∶600）] were close to the requirements of highquality tobacco leaf，reduced nicotine content of upper leaves and central leaves，increased potassium content of central leaf .Total sugar，reducing sugar content of T5[transplanting spraying the leaf fertilizer （1∶1 000） + 30 d after transplanting spraying the leaf fertilizer （1∶200）]was more appropriate，and T5 had a significant increase in potassium content of upper leaves，improve the availability of tobacco.The content of total sugar and reducing sugar content of T7 was high，which was unfavorable for reflecting the quality of fluecured tobacco curing.[Conclusion]Overall，T6 was the best，T5 was second.

Key wordsHydrolytic stability titanium ion；Fluecured tobacco； Growth and development；Quality

近年來，鈦（Ti）對植物生長和增產的作用受到重視，并進行了試驗研究和生產應用。鈦肥在小麥[1-3]、玉米[4-5]、棉花[6]、油菜[7]、大豆[8]、水稻[9-10]上的應用研究較多，但在煙草上的應用鮮見報道。

“太谷樂”抗水解穩定離子鈦ASIT系國際發明專利（US 8，308，840 B2）和國家發明專利（201310226915.X）高新技術產品，該產品用于煙草生根壯苗、抗病抗逆（抗寒、抗旱、抗熱等）、排毒解害、提高煙葉品質及增加產量，且防止煙株早花效果顯著，并能減少農藥和化肥的施用量。……