引種成都后歐李生長期多酚含量的變化

摘要 [目的]探究歐李引種成都后其生長期多酚含量的變化，為歐李多酚類物質的研究提供參考。 [方法]采用酒石酸鐵比色法測定歐李引種成都后的多酚含量。 [結果]用95%甲醇提取歐李多酚效果最好，歐李體內的多酚含量并不會在植物體內大量積累，多酚含量在12∶00左右溫度較高和傍晚時出現較大值，在14∶00溫度最高時較低，在19 ℃左右時也較低，當有蟲害脅迫時歐李體內多酚含量增加。 [結論]多酚對于植物的次生代謝有重要影響，在鮮葉中的含量可以反映植物次生代謝的強度，并反映植物對環境的適應性以及對各種環境脅迫的抵抗力。

關鍵詞歐李；多酚；酒石酸鐵比色法；次級代謝

中圖分類號S662.5文獻標識碼A文章編號0517-6611（2017）11-0011-04

Abstract[Objective] To explore changes of polyphenol content of Prunus humilis Bunge introduced in Chengdu during growing period and provide theoretical basis for researching polyphenol content of Prunus humilis Bunge. [Method] We determined the polyphenol content of Prunus humilis Bunge introduced in Chengdu during growing period by tartaric acid iron assay. [Result] The polyphenol of Prunus humilis Bunge extracted by using 95% methanol was the best， and the content of polyphenol of Prunus humilis Bunge would not accumulate internally in plants. The content of polyphenol reached higher in around 12∶00 and when the temperature was higher in the evening， it would be the minimum at 14∶00 when the temperature was the lowest， and the content was also very low in about 19 ℃；the content of polyphenol would increase under herbivore stress. [Conclusion] Polyphenol has important effect on metabolism of plant. The content of its fresh leaves of plants can reflect the intensity of secondary metabolism， the reaction of plant adaptation to the environment， and resistance to various environmental stresses.

Key wordsPrunus humilis Bunge；Polyphenol；Tartaric acid iron assay；Secondary metabolism

多酚是泛指一類性質不同的多羥基酚（以鄰位和連位為主），包括兒茶素類、黃酮及黃酮類化合物、花色素類、酚酸、縮酚酸類多酚化合物的復合體。多酚具有C6-C3-C6結構，廣泛存在于各種植物體內[1-2]。多酚中的C3部分具有高度的還原特性，所以具有很強的抗氧化能力，多酚具有抗氧化、清除自由基、降血壓、降血脂、預防心血管病、抗突變、抗輻射、抑菌、抗癌等功能，并且毒副作用小[3-7]。因此，多酚應用前景非常廣闊，能用于食品、醫藥、日化等領域。

歐李引種到成都后[8]，各種性狀特性可能發生變化。次級代謝產物區別于初生代謝產物有很大不同，初生代謝產物是通過代謝活動所產生的自身生長和繁殖所必需的物質，如多糖、脂類、氨基酸、核苷酸、維生素等[9]。……