劉晗 何騰兵 黨華美
摘要:為實現優質獼猴桃生產提供基礎資料和科學依據,本文對貴州省典型獼猴桃種植基地的“土壤-莖-葉-果”作為系統的重金屬含量進行分析測定,采用地積累指數法和植物重金屬富集系數法,探討獼猴桃植株及果實對重金屬的富集能力。結果表明:貴州修文獼猴桃種植基地土壤重金屬環境質量基本安全;獼猴桃不同部位對重金屬的富集能力具有明顯差異,重金屬富集系數大小依次為葉>莖>果;獼猴桃果的重金屬含量均低于國家標準限定值。
關鍵詞:土壤;獼猴桃;重金屬;富集
中圖分類號:X53
文獻標識碼:A
文章編號:1008-0457(2017)02-0053-04國際DOI編碼:10.15958/j.cnki.sdnyswxb.2017.02.011
Abstract:In this paper, the heavy metals content in the system of soil- stem-leaves- fruit were determined in typical kiwi fruit planting base in Guizhou, which will provide the basic data and scientific basis for achieving high- quality production of kiwi fruit The accumulation ability of heavy metals of kiwi plants and the fruits were studied through the accumulation index method and plant heavy metal enrichment coefficient method The result showed that the content of soil heavy metal is under safety value in the kiwi fruit planting baseThe accumulation ability of heavy metals in different position of kiwi is greatly distinct and the rank of heavy metal accumulation coefficient is leaf > stem > fruit All of the content of heavy metal in different position of kiwi are lower than the allowable value of national standard
Key words:soil;kiwi; heavy metal; accumulation
獼猴桃營養豐富,具有保健、美容、抗癌等功效,其維生素C含量極高,有“水果之王”的美譽。獼猴桃適應性強,栽培種植容易,成本低,效益高,可作為發展山區經濟的水果之一,貴州修文縣都是典型的獼猴桃種植基地。
目前針對獼猴桃種植的研究有很多,但在獼猴桃果園的土壤-植物系統重金屬方面的研究涉及較少。如別智鑫等[1]、黃春輝等[2]研究表明土壤養分與葉片養分之間存在協同與拮抗作用,增加土壤有機質含量可以提高土壤中各有效養分的含量,從而有利于提升果實的品質。張承等[3]對貴州省修文縣獼猴桃果園土壤養分分析的研究,并指出依據養分平衡原理施肥是果園管理的重要任務之一;吳迪等[4]通過對貴州省水城縣主要獼猴桃栽種鄉鎮獼猴桃果園土壤酸堿度和養分的調查和分析;黃偉等[……