修文縣獼猴桃園蚧殼蟲種類調查及藥劑防治

張易成　尹顯慧　龍友華　蔡滔　田雪蓮　吳小毛　李洪

摘要：為掌握貴州省修文縣獼猴桃果園蚧殼蟲種類及其發生規律，采用五點取樣法對修文縣獼猴桃園內蚧殼蟲種類進行系統調查。結合調查結果，采用4種藥劑對蚧殼蟲進行室內毒力測定和田間防效試驗。結果表明：危害修文獼猴桃果樹的蚧殼蟲有三種，草履蚧、犁圓蚧、桑盾蚧，其中桑盾蚧占95%以上，對修文獼猴桃危害最為嚴重。4種藥劑中，224%螺蟲乙酯SC對草履蚧、犁圓蚧的毒力最強，其LC50分別為2306mg/L、4239mg/L，而31%噻嗪酮·殺撲磷EC對桑盾蚧防治效果最好，LC50為2602mg/L；田間試驗和室內毒力測定的結果基本相符，不同藥劑藥后14 d對不同蚧殼蟲的防治效果均在89%以上；其余藥劑對獼猴桃蚧殼蟲也有較好防治效果，均可用來防治獼猴桃蚧殼蟲。

關鍵詞：修文；獼猴桃；蚧殼蟲；藥劑防治

中圖分類號：S43

文獻標識碼：A

文章編號：1008-0457（2017）02-0086-04國際DOI編碼：10.15958/j.cnki.sdnyswxb.2017.02.019

Abstract：In order to understand the scale insect species and their occurrence in Actinidia orchards in Xiuwen County， a systemic survey was carried out by five point sampling methods. Based on the survey results， four insecticides were used for indoor toxicity screens and field control effect tests. The results showed that there were three species of scale insects infesting Actinidia in Xiuwen County. These are Drosicha contrahens， Quadraspidiotus perniciosus and Pseudaulacaspis pentagona. Pseudaulacaspis pentagona is the most serious pest of Actinidia in Xiuwen County， accounting for 95% Among the four insecticides， 224% spirotetramat SC had the best inhibitory effect on Drosicha contrahens and Quadraspidiotus perniciosus； their LC50 were 2306mg/L and 4239mg/L， respectively. 31% buprofezin and methidathion EC had the best inhibitory effect on Pseudaulacaspis pentagona； the LC50 was 2602mg/L. Results from the field tests were consistent with the indoor toxicity screen results； and the control effect were over 89% after 14 day on the different insects. Other insecticides also had good control effect on scale insects. All four insecticides involved in this study can be recommended to control scale insect pests in Actinidia orchards in Xiuwen County.

Key words：Xiuwen County； Actinidia； scale insects； chemical control

貴州發展獼猴桃產業具有得天獨厚的資源優勢，多年來，貴州省委、省政府致力于把獼猴桃產業作為調整農業產業結構的重要突破口，整合資源打造“貴州精品特色農業”的核心競爭力和產業品牌形象[1-2]。當前貴州各地種植果園獼猴桃蟲害發生普遍，獼猴桃蟲害的發生直接影響獼猴桃的產量、品質和商品性。獼猴桃是修文縣精品特色農業，近年來，隨著修文縣獼猴桃產業的發展，獼猴桃病蟲害種類增多，發生危害日趨嚴重，其中蚧殼蟲嚴重制約著獼猴桃產業的發展，其發生危害直接影響獼猴桃的產量、品質和商品性。……