Correlational investigation of ‘Burnout’ and the perceived ‘Professional Identify" by nursing students in Chinese colleges.

Han+Qing

Abstract Professional identity plays an important role in undergraduates' learning and development of academic ability and professional skills. The current study examined the relationship between Students' Burnout and Professional Identity in undergraduates majored in nursing. The hypothesis is that the Professional Identity of nurse， as perceived by nursing students in college， influences their burnout rates. The student tested 140 undergraduate students from South Medical University， China. Results showed that： （1） The majority of nursing students displayed a medium level of perceived professional identity of nurse， and few of them displayed a high level， but none displayed a low level. The score of professional knowledge and emotion are both low. Professional skills and professional expectations received higher scores. （2） Nursing students showed a high score in Student Burnout， as characterized by depression and low personal accomplishment. However， as nursing students are a female-dominate group， in real life circumstances， young females are faced with more stress than young males； in the advent of troubles， young females are more likely to develop tension， anxiety， and other negative emotions. （3） Bivariate correlation analysis shows that there is significant negative correlation between professional identity and student burnout.

【分類號】R47-4；G642

1 對象與方法

2014年3月至4月，整群抽取南方醫(yī)科大學(xué)護理學(xué)院2011級四年本科制學(xué)生140人進行調(diào)查。其中男生15人，女生125人，年齡在20～25歲，平均（22.7±0.68）歲。使用護生專業(yè)認(rèn)同感量表（Questionnaire for Baccalaureate Nursing Students， QBNS）大學(xué)生學(xué)業(yè)倦怠問卷（MBI-GS修訂版），有效回收率94.29%。

2 結(jié)果

護理本科生專業(yè)認(rèn)同感最低分為53.00分，最高分為105.00分，條目均分為3.36±0.39，綜合總均分為84.08±9.73。專業(yè)認(rèn)識、專業(yè)情感得分均較低，均分都小于中間值3。專業(yè)技能、專業(yè)期望得分較高。護理本科生學(xué)業(yè)倦怠最低分為27.00分，最高分為82.00分，條目均分為2.79±0.53，綜合總均分為55.84±10.63。情緒低落得分較低，行為不當(dāng)?shù)梅州^高。雙變量相關(guān)分析顯示，專業(yè)認(rèn)同感和學(xué)業(yè)倦怠存在顯著負(fù)相關(guān)。（r=-0.416，p=0.000）

3 討論

根據(jù)專業(yè)認(rèn)同問卷中的有序變量條目，采用Likert-5評分，專業(yè)認(rèn)同感最高分105，最低分為53 。本次調(diào)查結(jié)果可以看出95.5%的人處以一般認(rèn)同狀態(tài)，4.5%的人處在高度認(rèn)同的狀態(tài)，沒有不認(rèn)同的情況。本次調(diào)查顯示，護生倦怠感較高（均值55.8），47人（35.6%）超過60分。并且表現(xiàn)為情緒低落，成就感低。在面臨困境時，女生更易產(chǎn)生緊張、焦慮等負(fù)面情緒Leiter指出女性與男性相比所感受的無力感更強，影響力更小，因此產(chǎn)生著更多的倦怠。由表可得出結(jié)論：護生的專業(yè)認(rèn)同感低會導(dǎo)致學(xué)業(yè)倦怠的產(chǎn)生。這進一步驗證了劉曉麗等人的研究結(jié)論。

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