關于大學生提高英語口語

路益華

【摘 要】這篇文章討論了關于大學生學習英語口語的重要性并給出一些建議。現在普遍的醫德現象就是當代大學生被指責沒有很強的英語水平去勝任工作。我們學習口語的母的是為了與別人交流，所以英語樓宇中的幾個要素次序應為：流利，準確，恰當。也就是說，我們必須更多關注世紀交流能力，而不是僅僅著重于語法的正確性。在這里就大學生英語口語問題指出一些原因并提出一些解決辦法，希望對大家的口語提高有所幫助。

【關鍵字】英語口語 交流 流利

【中圖分類號】G642 【文獻標識碼】A 【文章編號】2095-3089（2016）34-0001-02

【Abstract】This paper presents that improving students spoken English ability is very important for us with the development of the society and gives some suggestions on how to improve students spoken English ability in the course of our teaching. These days college students have often been subjected to sharp criticism for not having acquired a high level competence in spoken English. We study spoken English so as to make oral communication， so this order of importance of oral English studies should be followed： fluency， accuracy， and appropriateness. That is to say， we have to pay more attention to practical communicating ability instead of only laying emphasis on the grammatical correctness. The paper approaches the issue in a different way. It argues that obvious progress has been made in recent years in developing the speaking skills of college students considering the inadequate teaching resources and the great difficulty in learning a foreign language in the Chinese context. The paper also challenges the prevailing views as to how to improve the college students speaking ability.

【Key word】spoken English；communication； fluency

I Introduction

Nowadays， English is playing an important role in international stage ，English become popular with the whole world person .so the society need those who can understand and speak English ，in order to adapt to the development of the society ，many college begin to pay more attention to the education of English .college English teaching will make some big reform， and students will no longer learn “mute and dumb oral English .Chinese ministry of education declared an reform an the end of the year 2003.it says ：the trial on college English teaching will be launch in February ，2004.it will change the present teaching method， convert the reading comprehension-oriented to listening and speaking-oriented， so improving the students overall comprehensive application competence and reforming the negative model of teacher-controlled class

II The Actuality of the College Students Spoken English

With the reforming of the teaching course， the ministry of education put forward the new requirement for students ability of listening and speaking. So English teachers and students have to change the teaching ways and the study ways. So it is necessary and urgent for Chinese to improve English speaking ability. .However ，for a long time it is a very difficult job for students to write in English .This requires English teachers to use more effective methods to teach English writing .This paper aims at helping students recognize the importance of English writing and try their best to practice writing in class or after school .Besides， I wish the paper can help English teachers find some effective methods to improve students English speaking ability .English is becoming more and more important. Accordingly， the importance of English speaking is becoming obvious .We can find the importance of it from the following aspects：

2.1 The Need of Development of Society

With “Formation Revolution” flourishing all over the world， science， technology and culture needs spreading at an unprecedented speed. Although modem audio –visual tools， such as radio and television， have been widely used， experts，scholars，professors and journalists don not use the tools directly but write down what they want to express before they are spread by media .In addition， various periodicals literature and even electronic networks are presented in written form. Thus， with modern audio-visual tools used， people make still greater demands on English writing.

2 .2 The Important Role in English Teaching

English speaking plays an important role in English teaching .As we all know， written language is closely related to spoken language .It is impossible that a student who is poor in writing may be good at speaking， listening or reading .Learning English aims at using what we learnt to write and speak .Remembering what we learnt is only the first step .Additionally， writing should be viewed as ways and means to learn a foreign language. Writing， as a teaching means， helps students learn more language knowledge and writing skills which can be used to communicate with others.

III The Reasons of the Poor Spoken English

3.1 The Out-of-date Teaching Methods

In china， there have been several main teaching methods. Currently most teachers of English still adopt the Grammar-Translation Approach in their class. In this method， teachers ask students to repeat the words and expressions， then explain vocabulary and language points in the texts. Usually they teach students how to put sentences together to form paragraphs and how to analyze sentence structures in details. This approach assumes that when students know enough English grammar and lexis， they can then read and write well in English. It is very useful for academic work and for passing written exams， but it is less useful for improving students spoken ability.

3. 2 A Lack of Strict Training in Basic Language Skills

One of the main reasons why students have poor English writing ability is that they lack strict training in basic language skills including vocabulary， grammar and textual structure.

3.1.1 Vocabulary

English vocabulary mastered by students affects their writing directly .Not mastering enough words， many students do not know which words or phrases should be used to express their ideas correctly .As a result， they can not express themselves in writing fluently .Besides， spelling errors and wrongly-used words or phrases can be read everywhere in their articles， which is a very serious problem existing in students' articles.

3.1.2 Grammar

On the types of language ，Chinese belongs to the analytic language while English is the inflectional one .They are different in structures .The main difficulty is the positions of every kind of sentence components .For instance， in the English sentence "The coat she bought yesterday is very beautiful.” the modifier phrase "She bought yesterday” is put behind the central word "the coat”， while Chinese sentence is on the contrary .So Chinese students always write the sentence like this "She bought coat yesterday is very beautiful." .Another example， "Are you going to visit your parents ？"is a general question by subject and predicate's inversion .While Chinese sentences do not have changes .We only add a question mark behind the sentence to form a question one. In addition， many students write sentences that grammar is not standardized， semantic meaning is ambiguity， and the methods of expression are simplistic.

3. 3 No chance to use English

Many aspects of second language acquisition occur through natural learning mechanism that is activated when the learner is involved in communicative activity. If this is so， it is important for the learner to have access to the situations where the language is used as a natural means of communication. China is a Chinese-speaking country the students have few chances to talk with English speakers. In an English class， students are often asked to perform in a state of ignorance and dependence may engender feelings of helplessness. They have to produce unfamiliar sounds in front of an audience when they do not perform adequately， they may be subjected to comment and correction， with their limited communicative competence， they may have difficulties in relating to others or presenting themselves adequately.

IV The Ways to Improve Spoken English

In the past， most teachers have been trained to teach， not to think about language learning. Yet everything that is achieved in the classroom depends eventually on what goes on students minds. As a teacher， the knowledge about language learning and teaching should be firstly studied.

4.1 Understanding the Students Contribution to Learning

All successful teaching depends on learning. There is no point in providing entertaining lively， well-constructed language lessons if students do not learn. The proof of the teaching is in the learning. One crucial component is second language learning is what the students bring with them into the classroom. When these learners start learning the L2， they have already formed their personalities and minds， and these have profound effects on their ways of learning and how successful they are. It helps us to understand how apparently similar students react differently to the same teaching technique， while revealing the problems that all students share.

4.2 Using Modern Teaching Methods

Communicative Language Teaching is one of the modern methods that can be applied to improve students communicative abilities. In this method， teachers can set different tasks and activities to encourage students to communicate in English. The task of activities includes newspaper report， information exchange， role-playing， discussion and problem-solving in pairs or groups. The last one can increase the amount of students talk in a limited period of time and also lower the inhibitions of students who are unwilling to speak in front of full class. This method emphasizes the functions of language， helps students to know whom they are communicating with and what feelings they want to convey.

4.3 Doing more practice

“Practice makes perfect”， you should practice， practice and practice. At the beginning of each term， each the teacher makes a plan for the teaching in new term. The plan is used to direct teachers to teach according to teaching aims. English teachers make the similar plans every year .However most English teachers don not have an overall training plan which is used to develop students English different skills such as listening，speaking ，reading and writing， especially speaking. Most teachers neglect English speaking teaching ，so students receive some sporadic training in writing instead of systematic training .Teachers emphasize training students 'writing in order to make them get high marks in the College Entrance Examination. However， it is too difficult for students who lack of training to improve speaking in a short time.

V Conclusion

In a word， the current situation of speaking education can hardly keep up with the update needs of rapid development of society. Here， there are four judgments standard about spoken English 1）whether the tone in correct or not ；whether the ability to speak is clear or no .2 ）fluently degree.3） whether the grammar is right or not， using words is proper.4 ）whether the content of speaking is fulfill or not ，have you already reached the standard ，if not， you should follow my suggestions and work hard .

Bibliography

[1]Lakoff， Johnson， "Metaphors We Live By"， Chicago： The University of Chicago Press， 1980.

[2]"Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English"， Beijing： Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press， 1995.

[3]Taylor， "Linguistic Categorization： Prototypes in Linguistic Theory"， Beijing： Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press， 1999.