何以文

摘 要:隧道巖溶問題是當前國內外隧道施工中的重大難題,巖溶工程地質問題對地下工程建設和運營管理造成很大的影響。洞灣隧道施工過程中發現隧道底板以下發育大型溶洞,通過配合測量斷面同時進行地質水文地質調繪、物探結合鉆孔詳細查明溶洞規模、形態、大小、埋深及與線路的關系,查明隧道底板以下巖溶發育情況以及與隧道頂板的距離,評價隧道圍巖的穩定性,并提出巖溶施工處理措施建議,為隧道施工及巖溶整治設計提供地質依據。
關鍵詞:洞灣隧道; 巖溶工程地質問題; 圍巖穩定性; 處理措施
Holes Bay Tunnel inlet section of karst development characteristics analysis and construction of treatment recommended
He Yi-wen
Abstract: Karst problem is a major problem in the current domestic and international tunnel construction, a lot of impact on karst engineering geological problems of underground construction and operations management. Tunnel construction process, the following development of a large cave in the tunnel backplane holes Bay geological hydrogeological tone painted simultaneously with the measurement section, borehole geophysical combination of detail to identify the scale of the cave, the shape, size, depth, and the relationship with the line, to identify the distance of the metro plate karst tunnel roof, the evaluation of tunnel surrounding rock stability, and put forward the proposal of the karst construction measures, to provide the geological basis for the tunnel construction and karst remediation design.
Key words: hole Bay Crossing; karst engineering geological problems; surrounding rock stability; treatment measures
1.引言
在建洞灣隧道屬貴州省赤水至望謨高速公路重難點和控制性工程,隧道采用分離式,其中:左洞起訖樁號ZK66+164~ZK68+290,總長2126m;右洞起訖樁號YK66+205~YK68+290,總長2085m。隧道凈空10.25×5.0m,隧道最大埋深約310m。當隧道開挖到右線右壁YK66+488里程處揭露出大型溶洞,根據施工情況和現場初步調查,從隧道底往上發育約13m,隧道頂板和右側壁坍塌;往下垂深發育30~40m,在隧道以下形成多個溶洞大空腔,相互連通。溶洞頂離設計隧道底最薄處約3~5m。導致中斷施工近五個月,直接影響隧道的施工和安全。但溶洞具體如何展布?發育特征如何?與隧道的關系不清。其危險程度取決于溶洞的規模、溶洞周圍巖體的穩定性和巖體的質量及其與隧道的關系[1]。
2.隧道區地質背景
隧道區屬構造溶蝕侵蝕中低山地貌,處于川黔南北向構造帶與北東向構造帶交接的復合部位,北與新華夏系第三沉降帶的“四川盆地”相接,南與早古生帶“黔中隆起”相鄰,構造形跡定形于印支~燕山期,多呈北東向展布。……