高職英語聽力元認知策略訓練研究*1

陳　攀

蘭州資源環境職業技術學院基礎部，甘肅　蘭州　730021

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高職英語聽力元認知策略訓練研究*1

陳攀**2

蘭州資源環境職業技術學院基礎部，甘肅蘭州730021

摘要：聽力理解能力的獲得一直被視為第二語言習得中最為困難的一個環節，聽力能力也最能體現語言的實際運用能力。作為學習策略中最為重要的一個分支，元認知策略的運用能有效促進學習者聽力理解能力的提高。同時，元認知策略的培訓能促使學生逐漸樹立正確的學習策略意識，并能夠將其自動應用于學習過程中。

關鍵詞：元認知策略；高職；聽力理解；聽力教學

I.Introduction

Listening comprehension has been one of the main focuses of English as a Foreign Language(EFL)teaching for a long time.Although more and more foreign language learners have a gradually increasing acceptance of the importance of listening comprehension，as a EFL，the teaching of listening comprehension keeps a quite ignored and poorly taught aspect of English in many English classes.

II.Theoretical Foundation

Meta-cognitive strategy refers to a series of activities that control，monitor and manage their thinking and learning.It is not only a kind of strategy itself but also a strategy which is in charge of other strategies.

According to Flavell and Brown，it can be simply defined as “thinking about thinking” or “cognition about cognition”(Flavell，1979).In Flavell’s article，meta-cognition was defined more specifically：“Meta-cognition is usually defined as knowledge and cognition about cognitive objects，that is，anything cognitive”(Flavell，1987).

In the research the strategy，different scholars hold different ideas about the classification of meta-cognitive strategy.But the essence is the same.Oxford(1989)thinks meta-cognitive strategy mainly divided into three categories：holding on the importance，planning study and evaluating learning.Among them，holding on the importance mainly includes connecting and understanding the new obtains information and having got information and concentrating their attention.

III.The Effects of Meta-cognitive Strategy Training on the Improvement of Listening Comprehension

The kind of training can contribute to the development of students’ listening proficiency and their language proficiency.It is also supposed that with a high self-efficiency achieved in the process，students will be more conscious，autonomous and efficient use of their collection of learning strategies for further improvement in learning.Therefore，the meta-cognitive strategy training is to improve the students’ listening ability more effectively than the regular instruction.

Meta-cognitive strategy training had a positive effect on the experimental group.It can also be known that the meta-cognitive strategy training is effective to improve the students’ listening ability.Meta-cognitive strategy and listening comprehension have close relationship in the process of listening.It also proves the meta-cognitive-based strategy training is more effective in improving the students’ listening proficiency than the regular listening instruction.

III.Conclusion

Meta-cognitive-based strategy training instruction equipped students with scientific and systematical way to learn autonomously.The paper has shown that strategy training enables English learners to improve their listening performance and enhance their awareness of using the related strategy in their daily study.The training combining cognitive strategies with meta-cognitive strategies has better effect than the training conducted in a separate way and by this only cognitive strategies training is meant.

[Bibliography]

[1]Brown，A.Metacognition，executive control，self-regulation，and other more mysterious mechanisms.In Weinert，F.& Kluwe，R.(Eds.)，Metacognition，Motivation and Understanding.Hillsdale，NJ：Lawrence Erlbaum Associates，1987.

[2]Flavell，J.H.Metacognition aspects of problem-solving.In Resnick L.B.(Eds.)，The Nature of Intelligence.Hillsdale，NJ：Lawrence Erlbaum Associates，1976.

[3]Flavell，J.H.Speculation about the nature and development of metacognition.In Weinert，F.E.& Kluwe，R.H.(Eds.)，Metacognition，Motivation，and Understanding.NJ：Lawrence Erlbaum Associates，1987.

[4]Oxford，R.L，Crookall，D.et al.Strategy Training for Language Learners：Six Situational Case Studies and a Training Model.Foreign Language Annals，1990，22：197-216.

A Study on English Listening Teaching for Vocational College Based on Meta-cognitive Strategy Training

Abstract ：The ability of listening comprehension is always regarded as the most difficult skill to acquire in second language acquisition，and listening comprehension ability can actually reflect students’ practical ability of language application.The employment of meta-cognitive strategies can effectively improve learner’s level of English listening，develop a correct awareness of learning strategies and then automatically apply it into their learning.

Key words ：Meta-cognitive strategies；Higher vocational colleges；Listening comprehension；Listening teaching

**作者簡介：陳攀(1984-)，女，漢族，碩士，蘭州資源環境職業技術學院，講師，研究方向：英語語言文學。

中圖分類號：H319.9

文獻標識碼：A

文章編號：1006-0049-(2016)12-0042-01

*2015—2016年度甘肅省高等院校英語教學改革研究項目《多模態語境下高職英語聽力教學的實證研究》(項目編號GSKG2015-15-10)成果之一。