鄭明朝 覃德文 吳敏 秦武明 聶珍臻



摘要:殼斗科(Fagaceae)植物作為地球上分布最廣泛、最原始的植物類群之一,具有較高的生態學價值。本研究通過對27a生的青鉤栲(Castanopsis kawakamii)、麻櫟(Quercus acutissima)、紅錐(Castanopsis hystrix)人工林進行標準地測樹調查及樣方生物量、生態環境因子測定,采用生長過程數學建模及層次分析方法等開展林分生態效益、經濟效益和綜合效益評價分析。結果表明,在殼斗科人工林綜合效益評價體系分析中,選取生態、經濟和社會效益3個層次共15個指標,采用層次分析法對兩樹種人工林建立綜合效益評價體系。在準則層中,生態、經濟和社會效益指標權重分別為0.401 7、0.455 4、0.175 5。通過評價指標權重及各指標分值計算,麻櫟人工林的綜合效益評分(3.222 3)>紅錐林(3.107 6)>青鉤栲林(2.893 0)。該體系可為殼斗科人工林的科學評價、項目投資決策等提供參考依據。
關鍵詞:殼斗科(Fagaceae);層次分析法;綜合效益評價;人工林
中圖分類號:S75 文獻標識碼:A 文章編號:0439-8114(2015)21-5291-05
DOI:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2015.21.021
The Comprehensive Evaluation on the Fagaceae Plantation
ZHENG Ming-chao1,QIN De-wen2,WU Min1,QIN Wu-ming2,NIE Zhen-zhen2
(1. Guangxi Liang Feng Jiang National Park, Nanning 530031, China; 2. Forestry College, Guangxi University, Nanning 530005, China)
Abstract:Fagaceae is one of the most widely and oldest plant groups. This study has conducted tree measurement survey in sample plots. It evaluated the quadrat biomass and the ecological environment factors of three timber plantations of 27 years old, which were Castanopsis kawakamii, Quercus acutissima and Castanopsis hystrix. In order to provide some references for the scientific assessment and project investment decision of the three plantations, forest ecological benefit, economic benefit and comprehensive benefit have been evaluated comprehensively by mathematical model in growth process. Fifteen indexes in three levels of ecological, economic and social benefits were chosen to build the comprehensive benefit evaluation system of the three plantations of Fagaceae. In the criterion layer, the weight coefficients of ecological, economic and social benefit were 0.401 7,0.455 4 and 0.175 5,respectively. According to weight coefficients and value calculation of various indexes, the score of comprehensive benefit of Quercus acutissima plantation was 3.222 3,which was higher than that of Castanopsis hystrix (3.107 6) and Castanopsis kawakamii (2.893 0).
Key words: Fagaceae; ecological benefit; economic benefit; comprehensive evaluation
殼斗科(Fagaceae)又稱山毛櫸科。殼斗科植物多為常綠或落葉喬木,稀灌木,托葉早落,廣泛分布于南、北兩半球,但非洲僅見于北部。共7~11屬約900種,主要產于亞洲南部及東南部,中國有6屬,約300種[1]。除新疆有引種外,自然分布于南北各省區,主要產于西南及南部。自沿海低丘陵至海拔約3 800 m高山均有生長,常為山地常綠闊葉或針葉闊葉混交林的主要上層樹種,又是山地水源林的重要成分,也是秦嶺南坡以南各地的主要用材樹種[2]。該科植物由于適應能力強,多具有耐旱、耐陰等生長特性,分布范圍廣泛,能與各類型樹種組成復合型生態系統,組建穩定性高、多樣性豐富的森林,具有較高生態學研究價值[3]。……p>