徐翠蓮 王瑞清 張俐敏 田依軒 胡文明


摘要:為了滿足種質資源保存、交換及雜交育種工作的需求,對小黑麥花粉活力及影響小黑麥花粉超低溫保存效果的因素進行了研究。結果表明,采用TTC染色法測定小黑麥花粉的活力,結果相對準確,且其適合的濃度為0.1%;采用硅膠干燥處理3 h后,小黑麥花藥相對含水量為34.5%,比較適合超低溫保存,且保存前后花粉活力保持穩定,其活力相對保持率為92.3%;超低溫冷凍保存5 d后,采用不同的化凍方式進行化凍,結果發現自來水沖洗化凍后小黑麥花粉活力相對較高,說明自來水沖洗化凍是簡便適合的化凍方式。
關鍵詞:小黑麥;花粉活力;花粉相對含水量;超低溫保存;化凍方式
中圖分類號:S512.4 文獻標識碼:A 文章編號:0439-8114(2015)21-5223-04
DOI:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2015.21.006
Studies on Cryopreservation of Triticale Pollen after Drying Treatment
XU Cui-lian, WANG Rui-qing, ZHANG Li-min, TIAN Yi-xuan. HU Wen-ming
(College of Plant Science, Tarim University, Alar 843300, Xinjiang, China)
Abstract: In order to meet the demands of germplasm resources preservation, exchange and cross breeding, triticale pollen vitality and the cryopreservation-influencing factors were studied in this research. The results showed that, TTC staining method was relatively accurate for determining the triticale pollen vitality, and the suitable concentration was 0.1%; moreover, it was more suitable for cryopreservation when relative water content of anther reached to 34.5% after dried three hours by silica gel, which made pollen vitality stable and its vitality relative retention rate was 92.3%.In addition, different ways of defrosting were studied after five days of cryopreservation, and the results showed that the pollen vitality was relatively high when adopting method of tap water washing, indicating that tap water defrosting was more simple and applicable.
Key words: triticale; pollen vitality; relative water content of triticale anther; cryopreservation; ways of defrosting
花粉是種子植物特有的生殖器官的一部分。花粉活力指成熟的花粉在離體條件下存活且一段時間內授粉具備結實能力。然而不同植物花粉活力持續的時間長短不同,即壽命不同。因此,充分了解植物花粉的生活力特性在植物種質資源保存等研究中具有重要的意義。
花粉壽命的長短,除受到遺傳因素決定外,還受環境的影響[1,2]。其中對花粉活力影響較大的環境因素是貯藏溫度和花粉本身的含水量。花粉貯藏常見的方法有低溫干燥法、真空貯藏法、凍干貯藏法、超低溫貯藏法、有機溶劑保存法等。其中超低溫貯藏法利用液態氮將花粉貯藏在-196 ℃條件下,被認為是目前實現花粉種質“永久”的最理想的方法之一。……