邵建平 楊志新 何承剛 王燕霞 胡德波
摘 要 在大田栽培和自然條件下,研究人工模擬2種UV-B輻射(308 nm,1.83 kJ/m2,1.06 kJ/m2)對烤煙紅花大金元品種和云煙87品種葉片光合色素、酶活性及4種代謝產物積累的影響。結果表明:增強UV-B輻射可減少紅花大金元葉片光合色素含量,降低過氧化物酶(POD)的活性,增強過氧化氫酶(CAT)和硝酸還原酶(NR)的活性,促進可溶性蛋白質(SP)和丙二醛(MDA)的積累;UV-B強度較低時可增強其超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和多酚氧化酶(PPO)的活性,促進紫外吸收物質的積累。對于云煙87來說,增強UV-B輻射可增加其光合色素含量,增強3種抗氧化酶和NR酶的活性,促進SP的積累,降低紫外吸收物質的含量;低強度的UV-B輻射可增強PPO的活性,顯著提高MDA和SP的含量。
關鍵詞 烤煙;UV-B輻射;光合色素;酶活性;代謝產物
中圖分類號 S572 文獻標識碼 A
Effect of Enhanced Ultraviolet-B on the Indices of Main Physiological Metabolism of Two Flue-cured Tobacco Varieties
SHAO Jianping1, YANG Zhixin2*, HE Chenggang3, WANG Yanxia1, HU Debo4
1 Qujing City Branch Luoping Tobacco Company, Luoping, Yunnan 655800, China
2 College of Resources and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan 650201, China
3 College of Tobacco Science, Yunnan Agircultural University, Kunming, Yunnan 650201, China
4 Zhaotong Soil and Fertilizer Station, Zhaotong, Yunnan 657000, China
Abstract Field experiments were conducted to study the effect of enhanced ultraviolet-B(UV-B,308 nm,1.83 kJ/m2 and 1.06 kJ/m2, respectively)radiation on the content of photosynthetic pigments, enzyme activity and the accumulates of four metabolic products of two flue-cured tobacco cultivars(Hongda and Yunyan87) under natural light conditions. The results showed that enhanced ultraviolet-B radiation could reduce the photosynthetic pigment content of Hongda, reduce peroxidase(POD) activity, enhance the catalase(CAT)and nitrate reductase(NR)activity, promote the accumulation of protein and malondialdehyde content(MDA). Low-intensity ultraviolet-B radiation could enhance superoxide dismutase(SOD) and polyphenol oxidase(PPO) activity and promote the accumulation of UV-absorbing compounds. As for Yunyan 87, enhanced ultraviolet-B radiation could increase the content of photosynthetic pigments, enhance the three kinds of antioxidant enzymes and NR activity, promote the accumulation of pro and reduce the content of UV-absorbing compounds. Low-intensity ultraviolet-B radiation could enhance the PPO activity of Yunyan 87, significantly enhanced the content of pro and MDA.
Key words Flue-cured tobacco;UV-B radiation;Photosynthetic pigments;Enzyme activity;Metabolic product
doi 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2015.01.022
云南是中國優質煙葉產區,平均海拔2 000 m左右,紫外輻射強度隨海拔高度的增加呈規律性遞增[1]。在UV-B的輻射下,許多敏感植物的生長和生物量累積都有明顯的降低[2],這說明植物的光合作用受到了抑制。已有研結果表明,UV-B增加導致光合作用受阻,主要包括光損傷、光抑制、光氧化3個方面,類胡蘿卜素在植物光合作用中擔負著光吸收輔助色素的重要功能,具有吸收和傳遞電子的能力,可清除紫外脅迫下光合作用中產生的葉綠素三線態、單線態及超氧陰離子等自由基[3-4],對植物有重要的保護作用。一般認為,UV-B脅迫通常導致植物體內活性氧代謝發生紊亂,從而造成機體受到的活性氧損傷加重,膜系統被破壞,影響一系列的生理代謝過程[5]。……