6種基質(zhì)復(fù)合拮抗菌發(fā)酵液對香蕉幼苗的促生作用

周登博　井濤　張錫炎　起登鳳　何應(yīng)對　劉永霞　段雅婕

摘 要 為研究添加拮抗菌4-L-16和T3-G-59的6種基質(zhì)發(fā)酵液對香蕉幼苗的促生作用，在盆栽條件下，以麥麩、豆餅、花生餅、菜籽餅、芝麻餅、花椒餅為發(fā)酵基質(zhì)，分別研究了不同發(fā)酵液對香蕉幼苗地上部和根系生長、植株生物量和葉片生理性狀的影響。6種基質(zhì)發(fā)酵液對香蕉幼苗均有顯著的促生作用，添加拮抗菌的不同基質(zhì)發(fā)酵液對香蕉苗的促生作用更為顯著。綜合對比香蕉幼苗形態(tài)和生理指標(biāo)，以菜籽餅拮抗菌發(fā)酵液處理為最佳，豆餅、花生餅拮抗菌發(fā)酵液處理次之。豆餅、花生餅、菜籽餅拮抗菌發(fā)酵液處理的香蕉根冠比顯著高于其他處理，這3個處理的香蕉根系生長更為發(fā)達，形態(tài)構(gòu)成更為合理。

關(guān)鍵詞 拮抗菌；發(fā)酵液；香蕉幼苗；促生作用

中圖分類號 S668.1 文獻標(biāo)識碼 A

Growth-promotion Effects of Compound Fermentation

Liquid with Two Antagonistic Bacteria and

Six Substrates on Banana Seedling

ZHOU Dengbo1， JING Tao2*， ZHANG Xiyan1， QI Dengfeng1

HE Yingdui2， LIU Yongxia2， DUAN Yajie3

1 Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology， Chinese Academy of Tropical Agriculture Sciences， Haikou， Hainan 571101， China

2 Haikou Experimental Station， Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences， Haikou， Hainan 570102， China

3 South Subtropical Crop Research Institute， Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences， Zhanjiang， Guangdong 524091， China

Abstract The objective of the study was to investigate the growth-promotion effects of compound fermentation liquid adding antagonistic bacteria 4-L-16 and T3-G-59 into six substrates on banana seedling. The effects of different fermentation liquids on aboveground growth， root growth， plant biomass and leaf physiological traits of banana seedlings were analyzed under potted condition， with or without adding antagonistic bacteria into wheat bran， bean cake， peanut cake， rapeseed cake， sesame cake or Chinese prickly ash cake as the fermentation substrates. All kinds of the fermentation liquids produced from different substrates played significant positive roles on the growth of banana seedlings. Further more， the fermentation liquid with the antagonistic bacteria added in them had much more significant effects on the seedling growth rather than the ones without. Based on the comprehensive comparison of aboveground morphology and physiological indices， the rapeseed cake fermentation liquid added with the antagonistic bacteria was the best treatment to seedling growth. And the ones with bean cake or peanut cake as substrates were the second most profit treatments. The banana seedlings treated with the antagonistic bacteria fermentation liquid with bean cake， peanut cake or rapeseed as substrates had significantly higher root shoot ratios than the ones produced from other substrates， together with much more developed root systems and reasonable conformation structure of roots.

Key words Antagonistic bacteria； Fermention liquid； Banana seedling； Growth promotion

doi 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2015.01.007

香蕉是世界四大水果之一，香蕉產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展在中國熱區(qū)經(jīng)濟和農(nóng)村社會發(fā)展中發(fā)揮著重要作用[1]。然而，由于化肥、農(nóng)藥以及各類激素的大量使用，導(dǎo)致蕉園生態(tài)系統(tǒng)遭受到嚴(yán)重的破壞和影響，土壤中有益微生物的數(shù)量在不斷減少[2-7]。以枯萎病為代表的土傳病害日趨嚴(yán)重，導(dǎo)致香蕉產(chǎn)量下降甚至失收，蕉農(nóng)受損嚴(yán)重[8-10]。開展“生物肥源”生物防治研究，通過施用香蕉生長促生菌和拮抗菌達到增產(chǎn)、抗病的目的，已成為當(dāng)今多種作物土傳病害防治、建立無公害生產(chǎn)體系的重要措施[11-12]。20世紀(jì)80年代初，美國奧本大學(xué)植病系Kloepper等[13-15]用某些熒光假單胞菌株處理種子，使得蘿卜增產(chǎn)144%、馬鈴薯增產(chǎn)100%、甜菜增產(chǎn)20%～80%。……