陳霆 黃潔 安飛飛 肖鑫輝 魏艷 周建國
摘 要 為探討平地種植木薯不同種莖種植角度對木薯產量性狀的影響,以華南8號木薯種莖為試材,比較種莖的0°平放(CK)、30°斜插、60°斜插、90°豎插和270°倒插5種處理對木薯產量的影響。結果表明,5種處理的薯干率和鮮薯淀粉含量之間存在較小差異,鮮薯產量、薯干產量和淀粉產量均表現60°斜插>30°斜插≈豎插>倒插≈平放,其中,60°斜插比30°斜插和豎插增產11.1%~13.4%的鮮薯、薯干和淀粉,60°斜插比倒插和平放增產18.0%~20.3%的鮮薯、薯干和淀粉。在平地種植木薯時,建議以60°斜插種莖為優,其次是30°斜插和豎插,不宜倒插。
關鍵詞 木薯;種莖;種植角度;產量
中圖分類號 S533 文獻標識碼 A
The Influence of Different Planting Stake
Angles on Cassava Yield
CHEN Ting, HUANG Jie*, AN Feifei, XIAO Xinhui, WEI Yan, ZHOU Jianguo
Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, CATAS / Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization
of Cassava Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Danzhou, Hainan 571737, China
Abstract The purpose of the study was to investigate the cassava yield influence of different planting stake angles on flat field. The cassava variety of South China No.8 was used as the material, five planting stake angle treatments were 0°(horizontal), 30°(inclined), 60°(inclined), 90°(vertical), 270°(inverse). The results showed that a little differences in dry matter content ratio and starch content of fresh roots between among different treatments. The yield of fresh root, dry root and starch were listed in the following order 60°>30°≈90°>270°≈0°. The yield of the 60° inclined was 11.1%-13.4% more than the 30° inclined and the vertical, and 18.0%-20.3% more than the inverse and horizontal. Therefore, the planting angle 60°inclined for cassava on flat field was recommend, follow by 30° inclined and vertical
Key words Cassava; Stake; Planting angle; Yield
doi 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2015.01.003
木薯(Manihot esculenta Crantz)為世界三大薯類作物之一,是我國熱帶亞熱帶地區的重要糧食、淀粉和能源作物。我國木薯種植受土壤耕作環境及氣候條件等因素制約,加之傳統種植方式比較粗放,單產較低,效益較差,嚴重影響了木薯產業的發展。近年來,許瑞麗等[1]總結并推廣良好操作規范的木薯栽培技術,黃潔等[2-4]研究提出高產高效的株行距、施肥量、施肥位置和芽眼朝向等木薯栽培農藝參數,但少有木薯種莖種植方式的報道。目前,我國開展了較多扦插繁殖的研究。蘇芝仙等[5]認為,甘薯莖蔓倒插和正插產量無顯著差別;而劉士靜[6]認為,甘薯倒栽可以控制徒長并增加產量;金珠群等[7]研究迷你甘薯的扦插方式,在鮮薯產量、迷你薯產量、總薯數和迷你薯數上均表現直插>斜插>斜平插>平插;李明福等[8]研究結果表明,水平壓藤法能增加甘薯產量,倒斜插法能增加甘薯有效分枝數。此外,石進朝[……