選修8 Units2～3詞匯講解

汪璇

1. pay off 取得成功；償清債務

【課本重現】But at last the determination and patience of the scientists paid off in 1996 with a breakthrough.

（1）成功；奏效（通常作不及物短語）

He devoted most of his time to learning， believing that hard work would pay off sooner or later. 他把大部分時間都投入了學習，他相信努力遲早會得到回報。

The plan finally paid off. 這次計劃最終成功了。

（2）付清；付清工資后解雇，遣散（及物短語）

We paid off our mortgage after 10 years. 我們歷經十年還清了抵押借貸。

Not until 20 years later did they pay off all their debts. 直到二十年后他們才還清了債務。

The crew were paid off as soon as the ship docked. 船一泊港，船員就被付酬解雇了。

【詞語辨析】pay for 為……付錢；為……付出代價

pay back 償還；報答；報復某人

2. objection n. 反對；異議

object vi. 反對；不贊成；抗辯

【課本重現】On the other hand，Dollys appearance raised a storm of objections and had a great impact on the media and public imagination.

I have no objection to him coming to stay. 我不反對他來小住。

No objections were raised at the time. 當時沒有人提出異議。

Many local people object to the building of the new airport. 很多當地的居民反對興建新機場。

I really object to being charged for parking. 我真的反對收停車費。

【詞語辨析】object為不及物動詞，object to sth

oppose為及物動詞， oppose sth

3. forbid vt. 禁止；不準

【課本重現】Some began to reform their legal system and forbade research into human cloning.

You are all forbidden to leave. 你們都不準離開。

Students are forbidden from referring to their notes in the exam. = Students are forbidden to refer to their notes in the exam. 學生們禁止考試時查看筆記。

Visitors forbid doing violent sports in the hall. 參觀者嚴禁在大廳內做劇烈運動。

【詞語辨析】forbid系常用詞，指“命令某人不做某事”，后直接接動名詞或不定式復合結構，forbid doing/ sb to do sth。

ban語氣較重，指權威機關“正式禁止做某事”，含“嚴厲譴責”之意，只能用事物作其賓語。

4. strike n/vt 撞擊；擊打；踢球；（災難，疾病）侵襲；爆發；突然想到；罷工；劃火柴；敲鐘；打動

【課本重現】The popularity of films such as Jurassic Park， in which a scientist clones several kinds of extinct dinosaurs， proves how the idea struck a mixture of fear and excitement into peoples hearts.

The child ran into the road and was struck by a car. 那孩子跑到公路上被車撞了。

He struck the ball firmly into the back of the net. 他穩穩地把球踢入網內。

The disease struck the area. 疾病侵襲了這一地區。

An awful thought has just struck me. 剛才我腦海里突然閃過一個可怕的念頭。

The matches were damp and he couldnt make them strike. 火柴受潮了，他劃不燃。

The clock has just struck three. 時鐘剛剛敲過了三點。

【詞語辨析】strike作“突然想起”時，為及物動詞，sth strike sb。

occur作“突然想起”時，為不及物動詞，sth occur to sb。

5. call up給……打電話；使……回憶起endprint

【課本重現】When I called up my mother in the countryside on the telephone she was very upset.

That picture calls up memories of a holiday I had when I was a child. 那張照片使我回憶起兒時一個假期的情景。

He called me up to tell me about it. 他打電話把那件事告訴了我。

【詞語辨析】call off 取消；停止

call back 回電話；召回

call on 號召；拜訪

call for 需要；要求

6. distinguish vi.& vt. 辨別；顯示……的差別；