摘 要 心理學是一門涵蓋多種專業領域的科學,但就其根本而言,心理學是一種研究人類行為和心理過程的科學;商務談判是在商業活動中,為使雙方(或多方)的意見趨于一致而進行的洽談磋商,商務談判是雙方(或多方)博弈和合作的過程;運用心理學理論和知識來指導商務談判實踐,可以把握談判的主動權,抓住談判對手的心理弱點,避免自身失誤,贏得商務談判的成功;心理學的一些禁忌同樣在商務談判中不可忽視。
關鍵詞 心理學 商務談判 運用
中圖分類號:B849 文獻標識碼:A
On the Application of Psychology in Business Negotiations
ZHEN Yulian
(Tianjin Youth Professional College, Tianjin 300191)
Abstract Psychology is a science covers a variety of professional fields, but in terms of its fundamental, psychology is a scientific study of human behavior and mental processes; business negotiations in the commercial activities, to make the two sides (or parties) of consultations to discuss the convergence of views and conducted business negotiations (or parties) of both the game and the process of cooperation; applying psychological theory and practice knowledge to guide business negotiations, you can grasp the initiative in the negotiations, negotiators seize the psychological weakness avoid their mistakes and won successful business negotiations; some taboos same psychology in business negotiations can not be ignored.
Key words psychology; business negotiation; apply
1 心理學知識靈活運用到商務談判中的意義
(1)有助于培養談判者的良好心理素質,如:強烈的自信心,真摯的誠心和超常的耐心。自信心是談判者充分施展自身潛能的前提條件;誠心是談判雙方必須真心實意對待對方,在談判中求大同存小異,取得對方的信賴,誠懇地態度對待談判,成為談判成功的奠基石;耐心也是談判人員必不可少的心理素質,談判雙方畢竟存在利益之爭,面對艱辛曲折的談判,談判人員必須具備必勝的信心,不畏艱難和長久談判的心理準備,特別是面對談判僵局時,更是需要超常的耐心。(2)有助于揣摩談判對手的心理活動,實施心理誘導,培根在《談判論》 中提出:“與人謀事,則需知其習性,以引導之;明其目的,以勸誘之;諳其弱點,以威嚇之;察其優勢,以鉗制之。”故適時進行心理誘導,開展有富有針對性的談判策略,使談判向有利于己方的局勢轉化,促進商務談判成功。……