摘 要 風險投資是一種高風險的、組合的、長期的、權益的專業性投資,它有力助推高新科技發展,是保證國民經濟有序持續發展的不可缺少要素。高風險伴隨高投資與高收入,在我國風投事業經過二十年的風雨歷程,有了一定的發展,但由于風險投資進入我國時間較短,發展還遠遠沒有成熟,因此在實務應用中相比與發達國家尚存在一系列問題。如投資資金量小、投資資金來源匱乏、投資資本退出困難、風投相關法律制度不健全、風投人才缺乏等。本文作者在分析我國風投現狀的基礎上尋找出我國風投事業目前存在的一些問題,并針對存在的問題,提出了發展風險投資體系的一些建議。
關鍵詞 風險投資 問題 對策
中圖分類號:F207 文獻標識碼:A
Problems and Countermeasures of China's Venture
Investment Project Management
LI Linfang, ZHANG Yuanyuan, SUN Xueshan
(Zhonghuan Information College, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300380)
Abstract Venture capital is a high-risk, portfolio, long-term, professional investment interest, which effectively boost high-tech development, is to ensure the sustainable development of the national economy and orderly indispensable elements. With the high investment and high-risk high-income, in our business venture after two decades of ups and downs, with some development, but due to the risk of investment into the country a short time, the development is far from mature, so in practical applications compared with developed countries, there are still a number of issues. If a small amount of investment capital, lack of sources of investment capital, investment capital exit difficult venture relevant legal system is not perfect, the lack of venture capital and other personnel. The author based on the analysis of wind on the status quo vote to find out the cause of some of the problems in VCs, and deal with the problems, put forward some suggestions for the development of venture investment system.
Key words venture investment; problem; countermeasures
1 我國風險投資行業發展現狀及存在的問題
在近二十年的時間我國風險投資事業得到了快速的發展,但是尚有許多不足方面,主要表現在以下幾個方面:
(1)風險資金來源渠道單一、規模偏小。從風投資金來源來看,我國風險投資資金來源的渠道比較狹窄,政府投資比重較大,占到我國風險投資總額的80%,民間資本發展不足,所占比重還不到20%,且絕對量不大,這導致了民間資本在風險投資領域中的主體地位還未真正確定。
(2)風險投資組織模式單調。從風險投資的組織模式上看,國際上采用比較多的是有限合伙制,例如,美國80%以上的風險投資組織模式是有限合伙制,而我國風險投資機構最主要的組織模式是公司制,而其中又以政府主導型風險投資公司為主,采取信托基金制和合伙制的風險投資機構很少,總共不到10%的比例?!?br>