摘 要 隨著我國經濟的持續發展,一批批農民進城務工,謀求經濟利益,致使農村出現青壯年空洞化現象。在此形勢之下農村出現了龐大的留守兒童群體,與此同時產生的農村留守兒童的隔代教育問題日益成為公眾共同的關注的話題。伴隨中國經濟發展出現的這種特殊現象,它的出現是由很多因素造成的,同時也帶來一些利弊影響。我國農村人口達半數以上,解決農村留守兒童的隔代教育問題已經是中國教育事業中不可小覷的一環 。
關鍵詞 農村留守兒童現狀 隔代教育問題 解決方案
中圖分類號:C913 文獻標識碼:A
On Inter-generational Education of Left-behind Children in Rural Areas
ZHU Chang
(Department of Preschool Education, College of Education, Suihua University, Suihua, Heilongjiang 152061)
Abstract With China's economic sustained development, groups of migrant farmers, seeking economic benefits, resulting in the hollowing out of rural young adults appear. Under this situation, there has been a huge rural population of children left behind, inter-generational education of rural children left behind while producing this increasingly become a common topic of concern to the public. This particular phenomenon is accompanied China's economic development, its appearance is caused by many factors, but it also brings some of the pros and cons of impact. More than half of China's rural population, rural children left behind to solve the problem of inter-generational education has become a ring underestimated in China's education cause.
Key words situation of left-behind children in rural areas; inter-generational education problems; solutions
1 農村留守兒童隔代教育產生的原因
伴隨著我國經濟市場化和鄉村城鎮化的發展,時代步伐的加快,一些父母將其子女全權托付給老一輩撫養,由此出現了由祖輩對孫輩的撫養和教育的隔代教育或祖孫教育的問題。農村留守兒童是指父母雙方或一方流動到其他地區,孩子留在戶籍所在地,并因此不能和父母雙方共同生活在一起的、尚處在接受義務教育階段的兒童。①隨著社會高齡化趨勢的形成,時代步伐的加快,生活節湊的增速,隔代教育現象愈來愈普遍,這一現象在我國農村表現得尤為突出。隨著農村“空巢”趨勢不斷上升,導致的農村留守兒童隔代教育現象逐漸凸顯出來。為此該如何解決農村留守兒童教育的問題已成為一個社會話題。
在一次學者對湖南省洞口縣、隆回縣等欠發達地區的調查中發現, 隆回縣109 萬人口,長年外出務工或經商者至少有22 萬(2000 年隆回縣統計局數字)?!?br>