摘 要:物種組成和種子密度是一個種子庫的基本特征。對不同退化程度下川滇高山櫟森林群落土壤種子庫的物種組成、密度、多樣性進行了比較及分析,并探討了地上植被與土壤種子庫間的相似性關系。結果顯示:(1)輕度退化下土壤種子庫儲量密度為(412±64)粒/m2,顯著高于中度退化、重度退化、極度退化土壤種子庫儲量;(2)Shannon-wiener指數(shù)、Margalef豐富度指數(shù)為:輕度退化、中度退化、重度退化、極度退化:(3)輕度退化和中度退化下土壤種子庫物種相似性較高,重度退化和極度退化下相似性較低,表現(xiàn)為隨著生境條件的轉好,其相似性指數(shù)增高。
關鍵詞:川滇高山櫟群落;不同退化程度;土壤種子庫
中圖分類號 S714 文獻標識碼 A 文章編號 1007-7731(2013)14-25-03
Characteristics of Soil Seed Bank under Different Degradation Degree of Quercus Aquifolioides Community
Zeng Jiaqin et al.
(College of Resource and Environment,Agriculture and Animal Husbandry College,Tibet University,Nyingchi 860000,China)
Abstract:Species composition and seed density is the basic feature of a seed bank. This study was performed to compare the species composition,density and diversity of soil seed bank under different degradation degree of quercus aquifolioides community. The relationship between standing vegetation and seed banks was discussed.The results were as follows: (1) the average seed storage of seed banks in lightly degraded was(412±64)grain/m2,which was much higher than those in moderate degradation,severe degradation,extreme degradation;(2) Shannon-Wiener index and Margalef index of lightly degraded were the highest,followed by moderate degradation,severe degradation,extreme degradation;(3) Similarity coefficient of soil seed banks between lightly degraded and moderate degradation was higher,while the coefficient was lower between severe degradation and extreme degradation.The similarity index increased when habitat conditions improved.
Key words:Quercus aquifolioides community;Different degradation degree;Soil seed banks
土壤種子庫是指存在于土壤上層凋落物和土壤中全部存活種子的總和[1]。種子庫內(nèi)的種子是群落過去狀況的記錄,它的存在將為植物群落的演替、受損生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的恢復提供繁殖體,因此也是反映植被自然恢復的現(xiàn)在和將來特點的一個重要因素[2-3]。進行種子庫特征的研究,對于掌握地帶性植被恢復潛力、了解群落的物種多樣性具有重要的意義,有助于對植被恢復采取合理的決策和措施[4-6]。近幾十年,國內(nèi)外的不少學者對不同地域不同類型植被的土壤種子庫組成、分布狀況與數(shù)量特征,以及不同外界因子對種子生產(chǎn)和散布的影響進行了研究[7]。但是國內(nèi)外的報道多集中于森林或濕潤、半濕潤地區(qū)土壤種子庫的研究,對半干旱區(qū)土壤種子庫的研究報道較少[8]。……