摘要:為了探求適宜的寧夏干旱風沙區日光溫室結構類型,通過對4種不同結構夯土墻體日光溫室內光照強度、空氣溫度、相對濕度、土壤溫度、露點溫度等內環境日變化曲線比較和溫室建造成本等多因素分析,發現在溫室內空氣溫度、相對濕度、土壤溫度、露點溫度方面,溫室3、溫室2明顯優于溫室4和溫室1;在建造成本方面,溫室3>溫室2>溫室1>溫室4。因此綜合環境因子日變化規律和溫室建造成本等因素得出,在寧夏干旱風沙區夯土墻體(里墻表磚)全鋼架結構日光溫室(溫室2)具有廣泛的應用及推廣前景。
關鍵詞:干旱風沙區;日光溫室;結構;溫度;濕度;露點
中圖分類號:S625.1文獻標識碼:A文章編號:0439-8114(2011)18-3844-05
Comparison Study on Daily Environment Variation in 4 Types of Compound Cob Wall Solar Greenhouse in Ningxia Arid Sandstorm Area
QU Ji-song1,FENG Hai-ping1,ZHANG Li-juan1,GUO Wen-zhong1,LI Ai-lan2,L?譈 Zhi-tao3
(1.Institute of Germplasm Resources, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Science,Yinchuan 750002, China; 2. Bureau of Yanchi Science and Technology,Yanchi 751500,Ningxia,China;3. Bureau of Yanchi Agriculture and Technology,Yanchi 751500,Ningxia, China)
Abstract: In order to explore the suitable structure and type of greenhouses, daily change curves of the inner environment indices including light intensity, air temperature, relative humidity, soil temperature, dew point temperature were compared; And the building costs of 4 types of compound cob wall solar greenhouse were analyzed. The results showed that from the aspects of air temperature, relative humidity, soil temperature and dew point temperature, greenhouse 3 and greenhouse 2 were better than greenhouse 4 and greenhouse 1. The order of construction costs of the 4 types of greenhouse was greenhouse 3> greenhouse 2> greenhouse 1> greenhouse 4. According to comprehensive consideration, greenhouse 2 with compound cob walls (table brick wall) and full steel frame was superior to the others and it had a wide application and promotion prospects in Ningxia arid sandstorm area.
Key words: arid sandstorm area; solar greenhouse; structure; temperature; humidity; dew point
中國是設施園藝大國,設施園藝總面積已居世界第一位[1],其主要的設施結構類型有塑料大棚、中棚及日光溫室,其中能充分利用太陽光熱資源、節約燃煤和減少環境污染的日光溫室為我國所特有,日光溫室與大型現代化溫室相比具有造價低和節能的優點,在我國發展迅速。由于我國地域廣闊,環境的差異性大,日光溫室的結構模式表現為多樣化,建筑材料也呈現多樣化[2-6],日光溫室墻體在溫室的蓄熱保溫方面起到非常重要的作用,是優化日光溫室結構時需考慮的重要因素[7-14]。
西北地區自20世紀80年代起開始逐步地發展應用日光溫室,溫室類型和建筑材料多種多樣。近幾年來,由于西北內陸地區設施農業發展迅速,僅寧夏回族自治區目前設施溫……