摘要:采用三因素五水平通用旋轉組合試驗設計方法,研究了棉花新品種EK288的種植密度、氮肥和鉀肥對產量及主要性狀的影響,建立了相應的數學模型,得出3個因素對EK288子棉產量的作用大小為密度>鉀肥>氮肥,在-1.682≤x≤1.682水平內,即密度37 500株/hm2,純N為450 kg/hm2,K2O為298.5 kg/hm2,可達最高產量,得出最高產量y=3 087.0 kg/hm2。
關鍵詞:棉花;高產高效栽培;密度;氮肥和鉀肥
中圖分類號:S562.048文獻標識碼:A文章編號:0439-8114(2011)22-4549-03
Studies on Planting Technology for High-yield and High-efficiency of Hybrid
Cotton EK288
CHEN Quan-qiu,ZHAN Xian-jin,LAN Jia-yang,HUANG Yun,FU Jia-ping,ZHANG Zhi-yong
(Institute of Industrial Crops, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064,China)
Abstract: The relationships of seed cotton yield and density, nitrogen, potassium fertilizers were studied, and a mathematic model involving the three factors and seed cotton yield was established by using general rotational regression design. The results indicated that under the condition of experimental design, factors affecting seed cotton yield were in such an order as plant density >potassium fertilizers >nitrogen fertilizers. In the horizontal range of -1.682≤x≤1.682 (i.e. plant density was 37 500 ind./hm2, nitrogen fertilizer was 450 kg/hm2, potassium fertilizer was 298.5 kg/hm2), C111 would be up to the high yield of cotton varieties, and the high yield was 3 087.0 kg/hm2.
Key words: cotton; planting technology of high-yield and high-efficiency;planting density; nitrogen and potassium fertilizers
EK288是湖北省農業科學院經濟作物研究所采用復交育種方法篩選出來的雜交棉新品種[1-4]。該品種植株較高大,株高133.8 cm,松散塔型,通透性較好,莖稈有茸毛,較粗壯,葉片較大;出苗快,長勢強,整齊度好;中期生長穩健,結鈴性強,鈴較大,卵圓型,單鈴重6.16 g;后期葉功能好,后勁足,吐絮暢,易采收。2008年通過湖北省農作物品種審定委員會審定。為探索EK288高產配套栽培技術,發揮其增產潛力,通過EK288的種植密度、氮肥和鉀肥施用量等因素研究其高產栽培模式[5],以供棉花大面積生產應用。
1材料與方法
該試驗設在荊門市屈家嶺管理區易家嶺城北辦事處趙坡隊。試驗凈面積0.17 hm2,試驗地土地平坦、開闊,土質為黏壤。該試驗采用三因素五水平通用旋轉組合設計,計有x1(密度)、x2(N)、x3(K2O)3個因子,各因子都有5個水平,試驗設計共20個處理,不設重復[6,7]。每小區面積30 m2,行長7.5 m,廂寬2.0 m,行距1.0 m,4行區。小區間走道寬0.7 m,四周設保護行。三因素五水平在設計中出現的頻數歸納如表1所示。試驗組合方案按照表2執行,其中N肥為尿素、K肥為氯化鉀。供試品種為棉花新品種EK288,種前深耕細耙,2010年4月9日播種,試驗期間除草、打藥、中耕等田間管理按高產管理技術要求進行。……