It的用法與強調結構

一、考點分析

在最近三年的高考中，每年都考查了it的用法。考點為:

1. 替代前文已提到的內容。

(2010年廣東卷)Apparently， it was no longer fresh because of the old leather container. He asked his teacher， “Sir， the water was awful. Why did you pretend to like 38?”

[答案]it

[解析]指前面提到的“水(the water)”。

(2008年廣東卷) It is said that a short-tempered man in the Song Dynasty (960—1279) was very anxious to help his rice crop grow up quickly. He was thinking about 34 day and night. But the crop was growing much slower than he expected.

[答案]it

[解析]代替前文中的(how) to help his crop grow up quickly。

2. 作形式主語或形式賓語。

(2009年廣東卷)Jane was walking round the department store. She remembered how difficult 31 was to choose a suitable Christmas present for her father.

[答案]it

[解析]在賓語從句中作形式主語，真正的主語是to choose ... 。

此外，談到it的用法，我們自然會想到含it的強調結構，盡管在這四年廣東高考中尚未考查到，但我們不可忽視，這是一個重要的潛在考點。

二、真題演練

請用適當的的詞填空或用所給詞的適當形式填空。

1. The fact that she was foreign madedifficult for her to get a job in that country. (2010遼寧卷)

2. The doctor thought would be good for you to have a holiday. (2010全國卷II)

3. I like this house with a beautiful garden in front， but I don’t have enough money to buy. (2009四川卷)

4. It is often (say) that human beings are naturally equipped to speak. (2009全國Ⅱ)

5. It was from only a few supplies that she had bought in the village the hostess cooked such a nice dinner. (2010安徽卷)

6. John’s success has nothing to do with good luck. It is years of hard work has made him what he is today. (2010湖南卷)

7. was not until he came bank from Africa that year that he met the girl he would like to marry. (2009江西卷)

8. —I’ve read another book this week.

—Well， maybe is not how much you read but what you read that counts. (2009浙江卷)

答案與解析

1. it。it在此為形式賓語，真正的賓語是其后的不定式短語to get a job ... 。

2. it。thought后面的是一個賓語從句，由that引導，但that被省略了。空格處填it，用作賓語從句的形式主語，賓語從句真正的主語是for you to have a holiday。

3. it。it在此指代前面提到過的this house。注意it與one的用法區別:it相當于“the+名詞”，指前面提到的同一事物;one相當于“a+名詞”，指相似的同類事物。

4. said。It is said that ... 為英語中的慣用句式，其意為“據說……”“人們說……”，其中的it為形式主語，其后的that從句為真正的主語。

5. that。考查強調句型it is (was) ... that ... 的用法。注意句中 that she had bought in the village是修飾 supplies的定語從句，不要誤認為引導該定語從句的關系代詞that為強調句型的結構詞that。句意為:女主人只是用她在村里買來的一些東西就做出了那樣一頓佳肴。

6. that。考查強調句型it is ... that ... 的用法。句意為:約翰的成功與好的運氣沒有關系，是多年的努力工作才使他變成今天這個樣子(成就了今天的事業)。注:判斷一個句子是否是強調句型，可考慮將結構詞it is ... that ... 去掉，若句子仍完整、通順，則為強調句。

7. It。強調句式:it was not until ... that ... (直到……才……)。

8. it。考查強調句式的用法。其意為“也許重要的不是你讀了多少，而是你讀了些什么”。句中的count意為“重要”“有重要性”，與動詞matter意思相同。