并列句與主從復(fù)合句

一、考點(diǎn)分析

主語(yǔ)與各類從句之間的連接詞是每年必考，其中考得最多的是引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系副詞(where)和關(guān)系代詞(who)，其次是引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的連詞(that)和連接代詞(who)。連接并列分句的并列連詞只考查了一個(gè)小題。具體的考點(diǎn)與考題如下:

1. 并列句。

(2008年廣東卷)He was very tired after doing this for a whole day， 37 he felt very happy since the crop did “grow” higher.

[答案]but/yet

[解析]因very happy與前面的very tired是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，而這兩句之間是逗號(hào)且沒有連詞，故填連詞but或yet。

2. 狀語(yǔ)從句。

(2010年廣東卷)We understand this lesson best

40 we receive gifts of love from children.

[答案]when

[解析]引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，表示“當(dāng)……時(shí)”。

3. 定語(yǔ)從句。

(2010年廣東卷)He filled his leather container so that he could bring some back to an elder 32 had been his teacher.

[答案]who

[解析]引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句并在從句中作主語(yǔ)，先行詞是表示人的an elder，故填who。

(2009年廣東卷)Jane paused in front of a counter

35 some attractive ties were on display. (2009)

[答案]where

[解析]因兩句之間沒有連詞，必定是填連詞;后句是定語(yǔ)從句，要填的詞在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，故填關(guān)系副詞where。

(2007年廣東卷)... the head of the village was tying up his horse to my car to pull it to a small town some 20 kilometres away 36 there was a garage. (2007)

[答案]where

[解析]先行詞是a small town，并在定語(yǔ)從句中作狀語(yǔ)，用where (=in which)引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。注意，先行詞與定語(yǔ)從句被some 20 kilometres away隔開了。

4. 名詞性從句。

(2008年廣東卷)One day， he came up with an idea 35 he would pluck up all of his crop a few inches. He did so the next day.

[答案]that

[解析]引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句，說明idea的具體同內(nèi)容;從句的結(jié)構(gòu)和意義完整，用that引導(dǎo)。

(2007年廣東卷)...when I realized that the villagers who had gathered around me were arguing as to

32 should have the honour of receiving me as a guest in their house.

[答案]who

[解析]在介詞to后應(yīng)是賓語(yǔ)，不難判斷作賓語(yǔ)的是一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句;引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句且在從句中作主語(yǔ);又因?yàn)椤坝行医哟摇钡膽?yīng)是人，故填who。

二、真題演練

請(qǐng)用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空。

1. Children who are not active or diet is high in fat will gain weight quickly. (2010北京卷)

2. Stephen Hawking believes that the earth is unlikely to be the only planet life has developed gradually. (2010福建卷)

3. I’ve become good friends with several of the students in my school I met in the English speech contest last year. (2010湖南卷)

4. The newly built café， the walls of are painted light green， is really a peaceful place for us， specially after hard work. (2010江蘇卷)

5. The girl arranged to have piano lessons at the training centre with her sister she would stay for an hour. (2010江西卷)

6. As a child， Jack studied in a village school， is named after his grandfather. (2010全國(guó)卷I)

7. I refuse to accept the blame for something was someone else’s fault. (2010全國(guó)卷II)

8. That’s the new machine parts are too small to be seen. (2010山東卷)

9. The settlement is home to nearly 1，000 people， many of left their village homes for a better life in the city. (2010浙江卷)

10. After graduating from college， I took some time off to go traveling， turned out to be a wise decision. (2010四川卷)

11. I want to be liked and loved for I am inside. (2010北京卷)

12. Part of the reason Charles Dickens loved his own novel， David Copperfield， was it was rather closely modeled on his own life. (2010北京卷)

13. some people regard as a drawback is seen as a plus by many others. (2010北京卷)

14. Cindy shut the door heavily and burst into tears. No one in the office knew she was so angry. (2010湖南卷)

15. —I prefer shutting myself in and listening to music all day on Sundays. (2010江蘇卷)

—That’s I don’t agree. You should have a more active life.

16. —Have you finished the book?

— No. I’ve read up to the children discover the secret cave. (2010全國(guó)卷II)

17. It never occurred to me you could succeed in persuading him to change his mind. (2010陜西卷)

18. Before the sales start， I make a list ofmy kids will need for the coming season. (2010山東卷)

19. How much one enjoys himself travelling depends largely on he goes with， whether his friends or relatives. (2010四川卷)

20. they decide which college to go to， students should research the admission procedures. (2010北京卷)

21. The girl had hardly rung the bell the door was opened suddenly， and her friend rushed out to greet her. (2010福建卷)

22. The old man asked Lucy to move to another chair he wanted to sit next to his wife. (2010遼寧卷)

23. The little boy won’t go to sleep his mother tells him a story. (2010全國(guó)卷I)

24. John thinks it won’t be long he is ready for his new job. (2010陜西卷)

25. Tom was about to close the windows his attention was caught by a bird. (2010全國(guó)卷II)

26— I wonder how much you charge for your services.

— The first two are free the third costs $30. (2009安徽卷)

答案與解析

1. whose。引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句并在定語(yǔ)從句中作定語(yǔ)，修飾diet，故用關(guān)系代詞whose。

2. where。引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句并在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)。

3. who。引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句并在從句中作met的賓語(yǔ)，先行詞是表示人的students，故用關(guān)系代詞who。

4. which。引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，the walls of which在含義上相當(dāng)于and the walls of it。

5. where。引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，用以修飾先行詞the training centre。where在此相當(dāng)于and there。

6. which。引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，并在定語(yǔ)從句中用作主語(yǔ)，先行詞是village school。

7. that。引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句并在從句中作主語(yǔ)，先行詞是指事物的something，故用that。

8. whose。引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句并在從句中作定語(yǔ)，意思是“這臺(tái)新機(jī)器的零部件”，故用whose。

9. whom。引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句并在從句中作介詞of的賓語(yǔ)，先行詞是人，故用whom。Many of whom相當(dāng)于and many of them。

10. which。引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞是前面整個(gè)主句的內(nèi)容。

11. what。引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句并在賓語(yǔ)從句中用作表語(yǔ)。句意為:我想因?yàn)樽约簝?nèi)在的東西而受人喜歡和熱愛。

12. that。The reason (for/why ... ) is that ... (……的原因是……)是英語(yǔ)中的一個(gè)常用句型，其中的that引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句。

13. What。引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句并在主語(yǔ)從句中作動(dòng)詞regard的賓語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于the thing that。句意為:被一些人視為不利因素的東西在另外許多人看來(lái)則是有利的因素。

14. why。引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，表示“……的原因”“為什么……”，用why。句意是:沒有人知道他如此生氣的原因。

15. where。引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句，表示“……的地方”，用where。

16. where。引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，用作介詞to的賓語(yǔ)，其意為“……的地方”。

17. that。引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句，句首的it為形式主語(yǔ)。句型It never occurred to me that ... 的意思是“我從來(lái)沒有想到……”。

18. what。引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句并在從句中作動(dòng)詞need的賓語(yǔ)，用連接代詞what，表示“所……的東西”。

19. who。引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句并在從句中作with的賓語(yǔ)，指人，用who。句意為:一個(gè)人去旅行的愉悅程度在很大程度上取決于他與誰(shuí)一起去，無(wú)論是朋友還是親屬。

20. Once。引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句，表示“一旦”。

21. when。因hardly ... when ... 是固定句式，表示“剛……就”。

22. because。引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句。

23. unless。引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句，表示“除非，如果不”，用unless。

24. before。it won’t be long before ... 是英語(yǔ)中一個(gè)常用句型，其意為“不久之后就……”。

25. when。when在此表示“這時(shí)突然”，相當(dāng)于and then suddenly。

26. while。while在此表示對(duì)比，其意為“而”。句意為:前面兩個(gè)是免費(fèi)的，而第三個(gè)要30美元。

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