張丹,李兆格,包新光,李江波,梁海華,段康民,沈立新
西北大學(xué)生命科學(xué)學(xué)院 西部資源與現(xiàn)代生物技術(shù)省部共建教育部重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室,西安 710069
綜 述
細(xì)菌降解萘、菲的代謝途徑及相關(guān)基因的研究進(jìn)展
張丹,李兆格,包新光,李江波,梁海華,段康民,沈立新
西北大學(xué)生命科學(xué)學(xué)院 西部資源與現(xiàn)代生物技術(shù)省部共建教育部重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室,西安 710069
多環(huán)芳烴 (Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons,PAHs) 是一類在環(huán)境中廣泛存在的具有毒性的污染物,微生物降解是其在自然界中降解的主要途徑,因而尤為重要。隨著研究的深入,關(guān)于微生物降解PAHs的分子降解機(jī)制、途徑等的認(rèn)識(shí)逐漸積累。以下對(duì)細(xì)菌降解萘、菲的研究進(jìn)展進(jìn)行了概述,介紹了萘的水楊酸降解途徑,菲的水楊酸、鄰苯二甲酸及其他降解途徑,同時(shí)也包括降解過(guò)程中涉及的降解基因簇,如nah-like、phn、phd、nid和nag等以及細(xì)菌在PAHs脅迫條件下其他相關(guān)基因的表達(dá)與調(diào)節(jié)等方面的最新進(jìn)展。這些進(jìn)展可為降解菌株的分子及遺傳機(jī)制研究提供理論依據(jù),將促進(jìn)通過(guò)基因工程優(yōu)化降解菌、更有效地檢測(cè)PAHs環(huán)境污染及實(shí)現(xiàn)PAHs污染的生物修復(fù)。
多環(huán)芳烴,微生物降解,降解途徑,降解基因
Abstract:Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are toxic pollutants that exist extensively in the environment. Microbial degradation is the main pathway of PAHs eradication in natural environment and therefore is of importance to investigate.Advancement has been made in recent years regarding the PAHs molecular degradation mechanisms in bacteria. In this review, we summarized some of the research progresses in microbial PAHs biodegradation pathways (including salicylate pathway and protocatechuate pathway), key enzymes (nah-like,phn,phd,nidandnag) and genes involved. Emphasis was given on naphthalene and phenanthrene which were often used as the representatives of PAHs. It is likely that the new information will promote further research and applications of microbial PAHs biodegradation technology.
Keywords:polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), microbial degradation, degradation pathway, degradation gene
多環(huán)芳烴 (PAHs) 是一類由兩個(gè)或多個(gè)芳香環(huán)構(gòu)成的廣泛分布于自然界中的有機(jī)污染化合物,尤其常見于煤和石油加工場(chǎng)所排放的廢氣、污水中。這類物質(zhì)毒性大,多數(shù)致癌、致突變,降解困難。一般來(lái)說(shuō),隨著PAHs苯環(huán)數(shù)量的增加,其降解速率降低。PAHs已被多個(gè)國(guó)家列為優(yōu)先控制的環(huán)境污染物。……