摘 要:研究了基于約束的路由決策粒度對MPLS網絡中QoS路由可靠性和阻塞性能的影響。為實現成本效益的可測量性,這里在現有粒度方案的基礎上,提出了使用混合粒度方案:每對/流粒度方案和每對/類粒度方案。有每對/流粒度的每對流方案增加了P緩存和O緩存作為路由緩沖,完成了低阻塞率。有每對/類粒度的每對類方案將流匯聚到幾條路由路徑,從而允許數據包在有限的緩存規模內被標簽轉發。仿真結果表明,混合粒度方案減少了路由緩存規模,適合于MPLS網絡。關鍵詞:MPLS; QoS; 粒度方案; 路由緩存
中圖分類號:TN915-34文獻標識碼:A
文章編號:1004-373X(2010)18-0079-04
Study of QoS Routing Granularity in MPLS Network
PENG Ying1, WEN Ping-geng1, JI Fei2
(1.Yueyang Vocational Technical College, Yueyang 414000, China;2.Yueyang Civil Affairs Bureau, Yueyang 414000, China)
Abstract: The impact of constraint-based routing decision granularity on the scalability and blocking performance of QoS routing in MPLS network is studied. To achieve scalability of cost-effective, this study proposes using hybrid granularity schemes:the per-pair/flow scheme and the per-pair/class scheme. The per-pair flow scheme with per-pair/flow granularity adds a P-cache (per-pair) and an O-cache (per-flow) as the routing cache, and performs low blocking probability. The per-pair class scheme with per-pair/class granularity groups the flows into several routing paths, thus allowing packets to be label-forwarded with a bounded cache size. This scheme reduces the routing cache size and is suitable for MPLS networks.Keywords: MPLS; QoS; granularity scheme; routing cache
0 引 言
隨著Internet的快速發展,網絡擁塞問題變得越來越嚴重。網絡資源不足或不平均的業務分配都可能引起網絡擁塞。目前使用的動態路由協議RIP和OSPF總是選擇最短路徑來轉發數據包,會引起不平均的業務分配。要解決這個問題,就需要QoS路由技術和流量工程(traffic engineering,TE)。
QoS路由是在一定的可用網絡資源下求解滿足單個流QoS要求(如帶寬、時延、時延抖動等)的路由問題。而TE路由具有更加廣泛的目標,它不僅要從個體上考慮即滿足特定流的QoS要求,還要從全網的角度上考慮即優化網絡性能,均衡負載分布,使網絡處于良好的運行狀態。關于TE路由問題,正引起人們的關注,目前已經提出了一些算法,如最寬最短路徑算法(widest shortest path,WSP)[1]、最小干涉路由算法(minimum interference routing algorithm,MIRA)、基于輪廓的路由算法(profile based routing,PBR)等。這些算法都是以均衡負載分布和減小請求阻塞率為目標,在具體選路過程中又轉化成不同的限制條件。……