摘 要:軟件質量保證活動與軟件生命周期各階段的檢驗和有效性活動緊密相聯。為了極大程度地減少人為干預,提高軟件的測試效率,這里從實際出發,采用建立一整套的自動化測試的工業化流程的方法。該過程分三個階段重點討論從代碼編譯、單元測試、產品打包到最終的自動化測試的全過程。做了基于開放源碼開發平臺ISMP和RFT框架的測試實驗。結果表明,建立的自動化測試的流程可以有效地實現自動化測試,在很大程度上提高了測試效率,縮短了整個產品研發周期。關鍵詞:軟件質量保證; 自動化測試; 軟件測試; 軟件生命周期
中圖分類號:TN911-34; TP3115文獻標識碼:A
文章編號:1004-373X(2010)18-0053-04
Establishment Method of Industrial Automation Testing Process
LI Liang1, LI Yuan-cheng2
(1.Academic Service Section, Xi’an University of Posts and Telecommunications, Xi’an 710121, China;
2.Department of Computer Science, Xi’an Jiaoyong University, Xi’an 710049, China)
Abstract: Software quality assurance activities have close relationship with the various stages of the software life cycle testing and the effectiveness of activities. A set of automation testing industrialization processes are established proceeding from the reality to reduce the human intervention at great extent. The entire automation testing process, including code compilation, unit testing, product packaging and the ultimate testing, is dicussed emphatically. The testing experiment was implemented based on the open source development platform install shield multiplatform (ISMP) and IBM rational functional test (RFT) framework. The experimental results show that the testing method can significantly reduce the anthropogenic interfe-rence and improve the efficiency of software testing in comparison with the traditional test automation.Keywords: software quality assurance; automation testing; software testing; softwarelife cycle
0 引 言
當今的軟件發展,很大程度上還是停留在手工作坊式的操作水平上[1-2]。這種情況導致了由于溝通、技術限制等方面的原因,多階段的軟件開發過程不可避免地存在著錯誤積累與放大效應。一般來講,當前階段的工作較上一階段有一定的程度擴展,統計與經驗都表明[3],其擴展倍數一般是5~10倍,同時錯誤也同樣被放大。因此,手工開發的軟件質量無法得到保證。此外,這種傳統的軟件開發方式還存在開發周期長,對用戶需求的改變、市場的變化適應性差,二次開發困難,擴展、升級、維護成本過高等缺點,因而實現軟件的自動化生成是軟件產業發展的必然趨勢。
在這里提出的軟件自動化是“自動化+組裝+測試”軟件工藝思想的實施工具[4-5]。它通過對軟件流程優化和軟件測試技術進行整合與集成,實現了軟件由從源代碼的編譯、各模塊的測試、產品的打包、在測試機器的安裝到產品的功能測試報告生成的整個過程的工藝化、流水線式的自動生產。……