摘 要:軟件質(zhì)量保證活動(dòng)與軟件生命周期各階段的檢驗(yàn)和有效性活動(dòng)緊密相聯(lián)。為了極大程度地減少人為干預(yù),提高軟件的測(cè)試效率,這里從實(shí)際出發(fā),采用建立一整套的自動(dòng)化測(cè)試的工業(yè)化流程的方法。該過程分三個(gè)階段重點(diǎn)討論從代碼編譯、單元測(cè)試、產(chǎn)品打包到最終的自動(dòng)化測(cè)試的全過程。做了基于開放源碼開發(fā)平臺(tái)ISMP和RFT框架的測(cè)試實(shí)驗(yàn)。結(jié)果表明,建立的自動(dòng)化測(cè)試的流程可以有效地實(shí)現(xiàn)自動(dòng)化測(cè)試,在很大程度上提高了測(cè)試效率,縮短了整個(gè)產(chǎn)品研發(fā)周期。關(guān)鍵詞:軟件質(zhì)量保證; 自動(dòng)化測(cè)試; 軟件測(cè)試; 軟件生命周期
中圖分類號(hào):TN911-34; TP3115文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼:A
文章編號(hào):1004-373X(2010)18-0053-04
Establishment Method of Industrial Automation Testing Process
LI Liang1, LI Yuan-cheng2
(1.Academic Service Section, Xi’an University of Posts and Telecommunications, Xi’an 710121, China;
2.Department of Computer Science, Xi’an Jiaoyong University, Xi’an 710049, China)
Abstract: Software quality assurance activities have close relationship with the various stages of the software life cycle testing and the effectiveness of activities. A set of automation testing industrialization processes are established proceeding from the reality to reduce the human intervention at great extent. The entire automation testing process, including code compilation, unit testing, product packaging and the ultimate testing, is dicussed emphatically. The testing experiment was implemented based on the open source development platform install shield multiplatform (ISMP) and IBM rational functional test (RFT) framework. The experimental results show that the testing method can significantly reduce the anthropogenic interfe-rence and improve the efficiency of software testing in comparison with the traditional test automation.Keywords: software quality assurance; automation testing; software testing; softwarelife cycle
0 引 言
當(dāng)今的軟件發(fā)展,很大程度上還是停留在手工作坊式的操作水平上[1-2]。這種情況導(dǎo)致了由于溝通、技術(shù)限制等方面的原因,多階段的軟件開發(fā)過程不可避免地存在著錯(cuò)誤積累與放大效應(yīng)。一般來講,當(dāng)前階段的工作較上一階段有一定的程度擴(kuò)展,統(tǒng)計(jì)與經(jīng)驗(yàn)都表明[3],其擴(kuò)展倍數(shù)一般是5~10倍,同時(shí)錯(cuò)誤也同樣被放大。因此,手工開發(fā)的軟件質(zhì)量無法得到保證。此外,這種傳統(tǒng)的軟件開發(fā)方式還存在開發(fā)周期長(zhǎng),對(duì)用戶需求的改變、市場(chǎng)的變化適應(yīng)性差,二次開發(fā)困難,擴(kuò)展、升級(jí)、維護(hù)成本過高等缺點(diǎn),因而實(shí)現(xiàn)軟件的自動(dòng)化生成是軟件產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展的必然趨勢(shì)。
在這里提出的軟件自動(dòng)化是“自動(dòng)化+組裝+測(cè)試”軟件工藝思想的實(shí)施工具[4-5]。它通過對(duì)軟件流程優(yōu)化和軟件測(cè)試技術(shù)進(jìn)行整合與集成,實(shí)現(xiàn)了軟件由從源代碼的編譯、各模塊的測(cè)試、產(chǎn)品的打包、在測(cè)試機(jī)器的安裝到產(chǎn)品的功能測(cè)試報(bào)告生成的整個(gè)過程的工藝化、流水線式的自動(dòng)生產(chǎn)。……