摘 要:針對目前獨立運行風力發電系統通過“交流-直流-交流”的轉換方式供電時,存在能量利用率偏低,且往往達不到負載需求電能的缺點,采用了DC/DC升壓及DC/AC逆變技術在風力發電能量轉換體系中,設計了一種新型的能量供應體系及其控制策略,并在此基礎上應用Matlab/Simulink搭建了仿真程序。通過仿真,得到了用戶需要的穩定交流電能,驗證了控制策略的正確性及控制方案的可行性,具有很好的推廣應用價值和進一步的研究價值。關鍵詞:風力發電; 控制策略; 電能變換; 仿真程序
中圖分類號:TP29文獻標識碼:A
文章編號:1004-373X(2010)15-0206-03
Electrical Energy Transformation Device Based on Wind Power Generation System
HUANG Ying-qiang, SU Xian-long, SHEN Tao, LAI Hua, LIU Gui-lin, JIANG Shi-ying
(Yibin Vocational and Technical College, Yibin 644003, China)
Abstract: Due to the lower energy availability factor existing in the power supply mode of AC-DC-AC transform in the stand-alone wind power generation system, and because the power supply mode of AC-DC-AC usually could not meet requirement of the electric energy that the load demands, DC/DC boost chopper and DC/AC inverter are adopted in the wind power generation energy conversion system. A new energy supply system and a control strategy were designed. The simulated program was compiled with Matlab/Simulink. The stable AC electric energy demanded by customers was obtained bythe aid of simulation. It verifies that the control strategy is correct and the control scheme is feasible.Keywords: wind power generation; control policy; transformation of electrical energy; simulated program
0 引 言
伴隨著經濟的發展及人口的增長,人類對能源的需求增加,而以煤炭、石油為主的常規能源存在有限性,且污染和破壞自然環境。風能是一種清潔的可再生能源,并且資源豐富,有著無需開采、運輸的特點[1]。目前風力發電系統分非直驅風力發電系統和直驅風力發電系統,前者主要采用齒輪箱對風輪機提速后,驅動常規異步發電機,而直驅風力發電在整個體系結構中,由于省去了增速齒輪箱,減小了風力發電機的體積和重量,省去了維護,降低了風力發電機的運行噪聲[2],所以研究直驅風力發電系統的電能變換裝置對提高風電轉換效率及開發風力發電技術的推廣,有著重要的社會效益和經濟效益。
1 常規直驅風力發電系統的特性
直驅風力發電系統采用低速的永磁同步發電機取代了異步發電機,在永磁直驅風力發電系統中,風輪機將捕獲的風能以機械能的形式驅動永磁發電機,永磁發電機的轉速隨著風速的變化而進行變化,發出電壓和頻率都變化的電能,需要經過電能變換電路輸出恒壓恒頻的電能[3]?!?br>