摘 要:對(duì)八木微帶天線進(jìn)行了研究。仿真設(shè)計(jì)一種寬帶寬波束圓極化八木微帶天線,在中心頻率上實(shí)現(xiàn)了波束由側(cè)射向端射偏轉(zhuǎn)26°,頻率帶寬達(dá)800 MHz,0 dB主波束寬度為110°;采用Wilkinson微帶功分器產(chǎn)生兩路幅度相等相位相差90°信號(hào)對(duì)天線進(jìn)行饋電,實(shí)現(xiàn)了圓極化。同時(shí)研究了在設(shè)計(jì)天線中參數(shù)對(duì)于八木微帶天線主波束偏轉(zhuǎn)角度的影響,得出了偏轉(zhuǎn)角度隨各參數(shù)變化的一般規(guī)律。
關(guān)鍵詞:八木微帶; 圓極化; 寬波束; 波束偏轉(zhuǎn)
中圖分類號(hào):TN82文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼:A
文章編號(hào):1004-373X(2010)15-0033-04
Design and Analysis of Microstrip Yagi Antenna
TIAN Hui, WANG Jie
(Beijing Institute of Remote Sensing Equipment, Beijing 100854, China)
Abstract: The microstrip Yagi antennan is studied. The simulation design of a wide-band wide-beam circular polarization microstrip Yagi antenna is implemented, which realizes 26° beam deflexion from side-fire to end-fire at center frequency, 800 MHz frequency bandwidth and 110° main beam bandwidth at 0 dB. The antenna is fed by two signals which have the same maximum available gain but 90° phase difference produced by Wilkinson microstrip power splitter, and realize the circular polarization. The influence of the parameter variation on the beam deflexion of the microstrip Yagi antenna in the antenna design is analyzed. The normal law of the variation of the deflection angle with the parameters is obtained.
Keywords: microstrip Yagi antenna; circular polarization; wide beam; beam deflexion
0 引 言
八木天線是一種典型的定向天線,通過(guò)調(diào)整八木天線的振子長(zhǎng)度、數(shù)量以及振子間距離可以很容易改變天線的各性能參數(shù)。但是八木天線只能實(shí)現(xiàn)端射輻射,無(wú)法直接與載體表面共面安裝。利用微帶天線實(shí)現(xiàn)八木天線的功能,不僅可與載體表面共面安裝,而且可使波束從端射向側(cè)射傾斜,實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)不同天線傾角波束的控制[1-3]。
微帶天線是20世紀(jì)70年代初期研制成功并迅速發(fā)展起來(lái)的一種天線。和其他微波天線相比,具有如下優(yōu)點(diǎn):體積小、重量輕、低剖面,具有平面結(jié)構(gòu),并可制成與導(dǎo)彈、衛(wèi)星等載體表面共形的結(jié)構(gòu),饋電網(wǎng)絡(luò)可與天線結(jié)構(gòu)一起制成,適合于用印刷電路技術(shù)大批量生產(chǎn),能與有源器件和電路集成為單一的模塊,便于獲得圓極化、容易實(shí)現(xiàn)雙頻段、雙極化等多功能工作[4-6]。微帶天線的突出優(yōu)點(diǎn)決定了其可以比較自由而充分地利用彈體表面,且安裝時(shí)不影響彈體結(jié)構(gòu)的強(qiáng)度,很容易實(shí)現(xiàn)裝置小型化,共形微帶天線具有不額外占有空間和對(duì)飛行姿態(tài)影響小等優(yōu)點(diǎn),在航空制導(dǎo)等多個(gè)領(lǐng)域具有很大的吸引力。……