摘 要:在Ad Hoc網(wǎng)絡(luò)中AODV路由協(xié)議是一個(gè)比較成熟且廣泛接收的路由協(xié)議,具有較低的內(nèi)存和處理開銷,實(shí)現(xiàn)簡(jiǎn)單,但是AODV協(xié)議在能量和負(fù)載方面卻存在著很大問題;針對(duì)這個(gè)問題提出無線Ad Hoc網(wǎng)絡(luò)中基于AODV路由協(xié)議的能量和負(fù)載均衡的B-AODV協(xié)議。B-AODV協(xié)議考慮了節(jié)點(diǎn)的剩余能量和節(jié)點(diǎn)的已使用緩沖區(qū)大小兩個(gè)度量,使之支持能量均衡和負(fù)載均衡,仿真結(jié)果表明B-AODV協(xié)議有效地均衡了AODV路由協(xié)議的能量消耗和節(jié)點(diǎn)的負(fù)載,延長(zhǎng)了網(wǎng)絡(luò)的生存時(shí)間,提高了包的傳輸率,充分利用了網(wǎng)絡(luò)資源。
關(guān)鍵詞:Ad Hoc網(wǎng)絡(luò); AODV協(xié)議; 能量消耗; 負(fù)載均衡; B-AODV協(xié)議
中圖分類號(hào):TN915文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼:A
文章編號(hào):1004-373X(2010)15-0080-02
Improvement of AODV Routing Protocol Based on Energy and Load Balancing
MAO Xi-long1, FENG Chao1,2 , PENG Zhang-xing3
(1.College of Computer Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China;
2.CAPF Guangzhou Commanding Academy, Guangzhou 510440, China; 3.Navy Unit No.92155, Sanya 572021, China)
Abstract: AODV (Ad hoc On-Demand Distance Vector) routing protocol with small memory and low processing overhead is a mature and wide rang protocol in Ad Hoc networks. A B-AODV protocol based on AODV routing protocol in wireless Ad Hoc is proposed for solving the problems about energy consumption and load balancing of AODV protocol. To address those issues, B-AODV protocol considered the residual energy and buffer capacity of each node. The simulation results show that B-AODV can efficiently improve the energy consumption and load balancing, and extend the whole network's survive time.
Keywords: Ad Hoc network;AODV protocol;energy consumption; load balancing; B-AODV protocol
收稿日期:2010-03-19
無線Ad Hoc[1]網(wǎng)絡(luò)是指一組帶有無線收發(fā)裝置的移動(dòng)節(jié)點(diǎn)組成的一個(gè)多跳的臨時(shí)性的自治系統(tǒng)。整個(gè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)沒有固定的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施,也沒有固定的路由器,所有節(jié)點(diǎn)都是移動(dòng)的,并且都可以以任何方式動(dòng)態(tài)地保持與其他節(jié)點(diǎn)的聯(lián)系,廣泛應(yīng)用于軍事領(lǐng)域、自然災(zāi)害、緊急通信等領(lǐng)域。在Ad Hoc網(wǎng)絡(luò)中AODV路由協(xié)議[2]是一個(gè)比較成熟且廣泛接收的路由協(xié)議,具有較低的內(nèi)存和處理開銷,實(shí)現(xiàn)簡(jiǎn)單。本文考慮了節(jié)點(diǎn)的剩余能量和節(jié)點(diǎn)的已使用緩沖區(qū)大小兩個(gè)度量,提出了基于AODV路由協(xié)議的能量和負(fù)載均衡的B-AODV協(xié)議,B-AODV協(xié)議有效地降低并均衡了AODV路由協(xié)議的能量消耗和負(fù)載均衡,延長(zhǎng)了網(wǎng)絡(luò)的生存時(shí)間,提高了包的傳輸率,充分利用了網(wǎng)絡(luò)資源。
1 AODV路由協(xié)議簡(jiǎn)介
AODV(Ad Hoc on Demand Distance Vector)協(xié)議實(shí)質(zhì)上就是DSR[3]和DSDV[4]的綜合。在AODV算法中,為找到通往目的節(jié)點(diǎn)的路由,源節(jié)點(diǎn)將廣播一個(gè)路由請(qǐng)求分組RREQ,收到RREQ的中間節(jié)點(diǎn)根據(jù)RREQ中的消息,建立到源節(jié)點(diǎn)的路由,在路由表增加一個(gè)路由條目,稱為“反向路由”,然后它再向周圍節(jié)點(diǎn)廣播此分組。……