省略考點淺析

英語的省略用法與漢語的語法習慣不同，高考英語也常常涉及此類內容。常見常考的幾種省略情況如下：

1. 由when，while，if，unless，though，as if 引導的狀語從句中，若從句的主語是it或與主句的主語相同，且其謂語中含be動詞時，常省略從句的主語和be動詞。

例1When first ____ to the market， these products enjoyed great success.

A. introducing

B. introduced

C. introduce

D. being introduced

解析： 答案為B。狀語從句When first introduced to the market的完整形式為：When these products were first introduced to the market 。本句中從句的主語和主句的主語相同，且謂語中含有be動詞，因此可以省略其主語和be動詞。

2. 根據具體的語境，“if + so / not” 的省略句式可用so或not來代替上文的相關內容。

例2He may not know you， if

_______， you can introduce yourself.

A. soB. not

C. it is D. that

解析： 答案為A。本句意為：“他也許不認識你，如果是這樣的話，你可以介紹一下你自己”。

3. 某些情況下，不定式to后的動詞可省略。但當to后的動詞為be動詞、have或have been時，則不可省略。

例3—You should have thanked her before you left.

—I meant ________ ， but when I was leaving I couldn’t find her anywhere.

A. to do B. to

C. doing D. doing to

解析： 答案為B。I meant to 為I meant to thank her的省略形式。

4. 對話中雙方語意明確的情況下，當兩個句子為并列關系時，第二個句子中與第一句相同的內容可以省略。

例4—What did he suggest to you?

—_________.

A. To speak a lot

B. Speaking a lot

C. Speak a lot

D. Spoke a lot

解析： 答案為B。 Speaking a lot 為省略句，其完整的形式為： He suggested speaking a lot.

5. 關系代詞that，which，whom在限制性定語從句中作賓語時，可以被省略。

例5The book _____ I gave you is well worth reading.

A. that B. in which

C. whenD. where

解析： 答案為A。本句中的that在所引導的定語從句中作賓語，但也可以省略。

6. 在以the same...as和such...as等詞組引導的定語從句中，可以省略與主句相同的部分。

例6The new storybook is written in _____ easy English _____ beginners can understand.

A. such; thatB. so; that

C. such; asD. too; that

解析： 答案為C。understand的賓語本來應是the new storybook，但在這個句子中被省略了。

7. 以the way為先行詞的限制性定語從句通常以in which或that引導，它們通常可以被省略。

例7The way （in which） he spoke to us was suspicious.

例8I don’t like the way （that） you laugh at her.

★ 訓練題

1. It shames me to say it， but I told a lie when ________ at the meeting by my boss.

A. questioning

B. having questioned

C. questioned

D. to be questioned

2. The man we followed suddenly stopped and looked as ifwhether he was going in the right direction.

A. seeing B. having seen

C. to have seen D. to see

3. Generally speaking， ________ according to the directions， the drug has no side effect.

A. when taking

B. when taken

C. when to take

D. when to be taken

4. The research is so designed that once ________ nothing can be done to change it.

A. begins B. having begun

C. beginning D. begun

5. —You’re always working. Come on， let’s go shopping.

— ________ you ever want to do is going shopping.

A. Anything B. Something

C. AllD. That

6. —Why didn’t Tom give you one of his paintings?

—I didn’t want one， but he would have given me one if I ________.

A. doB. would

C. willD. had

7. As you’ve never been there before， I’ll have someone _____ you the way.

A. to show B. show

C. showing D. showed

8. —Would you like to go to the Grand Theatre with me tonight?

— ________ .

A. Yes， I’d like to go to the Grand

Theatre

B. I’d like to， but I have an examination tomorrow

C. No， I won’t

D. That’s right

9. ________ it rain tomorrow， we would have to put off the visit to the Yangpu Bridge.

A. Were B. Should

C. WouldD. Will

10. ______ for the free tickets， I would not have gone to the films so often.

A. If it is not

B. Were

C. Had it not been

D. If they were not